David Copperfield Summary

Description

Here you will find a David Copperfield summary (Charles Dickens's book).
We begin with a summary of the entire book, and then you can read each individual chapter's summary by visiting the links on the "Chapters" section.

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Last Updated: Monday 1 Jan, 2024

David Copperfield Summary Overview

The narrative commences with a recollection of a young man's life. Raised by a loving mother and nurse, he encounters a significant disturbance when his mother marries a harsh man, Mr. Murdstone, who brings his severe sister into their home. The boy, who was treated harshly by the Murdstones, is sent away to school after a violent incident. He develops a profound bond with James Steerforth, a narcissistic peer, and Tommy Traddles, an unlucky lad who often bears the brunt of punishment. Amidst these events, the young man's mother passes away, and he is forced to work in Murdstone's wine business, living under the roof of a financially unstable man, Mr. Micawber. He eventually leaves to find his only remaining relative, Miss Betsey Trotwood, who welcomes him. Upon his arrival, Miss Betsey enrolls him in a school headed by a man called Doctor Strong. He befriends Agnes, the daughter of his landlord, Mr. Wickfield. Among the tenants is Uriah Heep, a meddlesome individual. After graduation, the protagonist reevaluates his life choices and decides to visit his nurse, Peggotty, now married and living in Yarmouth. During this visit, he and his former schoolmate, Steerforth, encounter Peggotty's family and form a bond. Experiences and advice from Miss Betsey lead him to pursue law, and he begins his apprenticeship at a London-based firm, where he falls for his employer's daughter, Dora. His life in London brings reunions and news of a terminal illness in Peggotty's family. Amidst the grief, a scandal unfolds as Steerforth elopes with Little Em'ly, a prospective bride, promising her a life of elegance. Further complications arise when Miss Betsey falls into financial distress due to a messy partnership between Uriah Heep and Mr. Wickfield. However, the protagonist's focus remains on his love for Dora, and they marry despite the latter's father's disapproval and her lack of domestic skills. Tragedy strikes repeatedly, with the loss of Steerforth, Little Em'ly's desertion, Dora's death, and a devastating storm. Following these events, the protagonist departs to travel overseas, allowing his love for Agnes to flourish. Upon his return, they marry and start a family while he finds success in his writing career.

preface

In the foreword of the initial standalone edition of David Copperfield, Dickens reveals his mixed feelings about finishing the book. He celebrates its completion, acknowledging the strenuous two-year effort that went into it. Yet, he also expresses sadness as it signifies the end of his bond with a host of characters he's grown fond of. Dickens notes that David Copperfield holds a special place among all his novels and David Copperfield, the character, is the one he cherishes the most.

chapter 1

David Copperfield, now older, shares his life story, starting with his birth at midnight on a Friday. He's been told by a local elder that his birth time predicts misfortune and seeing ghosts. David never knows his father, who passes away before he's born. On his birth day, his Aunt Betsey Trotwood comes, intending to take guardianship of the expected baby girl, with a plan to protect her from men based on her own experiences. However, when David is born, and the doctor, Mr. Chillip, breaks the news that it's a boy, Aunt Betsey leaves abruptly and is never seen again.

chapter 2

David's early childhood is painted with images of his mother's locks and his caregiver, Peggotty, noticeable for her deep-set eyes. His recollections also include the family kitchen, the backyard, the chickens that scared him, and the nearby churchyard housing his father’s grave. David and his mother are under the affectionate care of Peggotty. David fondly remembers a night when he stayed up late reading about crocodiles to Peggotty while waiting for his mother, who was out. When his mother came back, she was accompanied by Mr. Murdstone, a burly man with black facial hair and a resonating voice. Neither David nor Peggotty takes a liking to him, and Peggotty cautions David's mother against marrying a man her late husband would have disapproved of. Mr. Murdstone reappears and takes David to meet a couple of his business associates, including a man named Mr. Quinion. They poke fun at David's disdain for Mr. Murdstone and tease about Mr. Murdstone's plans to wed David’s mother. After their return, Peggotty suggests a trip for her and David to Yarmouth to visit her brother's family.

chapter 3

Peggotty brings David to her family home in Yarmouth that's made out of a boat. Her brother, Mr. Daniel Peggotty, cares for his nephew Ham and niece Little Em’ly, who were orphaned when their fathers drowned. Mr. Peggotty’s brother’s widow, Mrs. Gummidge, also lives with them. While Mr. Peggotty and Ham fish, David and Little Em’ly spend their days on the beaches, gathering shells and developing romantic feelings for each other. In hindsight, David contemplates if it would have been better if the sea had swallowed Little Em’ly to spare her future pain. Upon David's return home, he realises he hadn't missed his mother or his home during his absence. Peggotty informs him that his mother wed Mr. Murdstone in his absence. David meets his mother again, and Mr. Murdstone tells her to control her emotions towards her son. David finds Mr. Murdstone, with his large black beard, intimidating like a large, menacing dog.

chapter 4

David returns home to discover it drastically altered, which distresses him to the point of tears. His mother tries to console him, but is scolded by Mr. Murdstone, her new husband, for her lack of harshness. He warns David he'll be physically punished if he upsets his mother again. Dinner that night is uncomfortably formal, a stark contrast to the warm meals David used to share with his mother and Peggotty, the housekeeper. In a further unsettling development, Mr. Murdstone's stern sister, Miss Jane Murdstone, arrives to live with them. She has a severe, almost masculine appearance. She soon takes charge of the household, squashing any objections from David's mother with her brother's backing. The Murdstones frequently belittle David's mother, treating her like a naïve child in need of their guidance. Intimidated, she submits to their influence. Despite the oppressive atmosphere, David's mother attempts to continue his education, but the constant criticism from the Murdstones causes him to falter. David finds solace in his father's collection of adventure books, which he reads repeatedly to escape his bleak reality. One day, after a particularly disastrous lesson, Mr. Murdstone violently beats David. In a desperate act of self-defense, David bites him. For this, David is confined to his room for five days. At the end of this period, Peggotty informs him through the door's keyhole that he's being sent away.

chapter 5

David travels with Mr. Barkis, a carrier who transports people and parcels between towns. As he departs, Peggotty, his mother's servant, springs from the bushes, giving him some money, a letter from his mom, and a few cakes. Devastated at his departure, David shares his cakes with Mr. Barkis. Upon hearing Peggotty baked them, Mr. Barkis requests David to relay a message to Peggotty: "Barkis is willin'." At a stopover inn where David transitions to the London coach, a meal set aside for him labeled "Murdstone" awaits. A sly waiter dupes David into handing over his meal and a portion of his money as gratuity. The meal's size falsely gives David a reputation for having a large appetite. The coachman and fellow passengers mock David so much that even during a later stop, David refrains from dining, resulting in his hunger-filled arrival in London. In London, David waits for a considerable time until Mr. Mell, a master at Salem House, meets him. Before heading to the school, they stop at a charitable institution to visit a senior woman who refers to Mr. Mell as "my Charley" and prepares breakfast for David. They then advance to the school, which is currently on break. David is compelled to wear a sign marking him as a biter—his punishment for biting Mr. Murdstone.

chapter 6

The school's principal, Mr. Creakle, brings David to his office. Despite his soft-spoken demeanor, the bald and ruddy Mr. Creakle warns David he'll punish him severely if he misbehaves. David is scared of him. Yet, Mr. Creakle's wife and daughter, who are both slender and quiet, seem to understand the students' fear of him. Tommy Traddles, the first student back from vacation, becomes friendly with David. This new friendship aids David in making connections with the rest of the boys as they return. The wealthiest and most admired student, James Steerforth, tricks David into giving him his money, promising to keep it safe. Steerforth then persuades David to use the money for a lavish feast, which is shared among all the boys in the dormitory that night. David views Steerforth as a protector and companion, yet not as an equal, and respectfully addresses him as “sir.”

chapter 7

As the academic term begins, Mr. Creakle sets a stern tone, threatening severe punishment for academic failure. David feels his wrath on the first day with a beating. David observes that Traddles, a heavier boy, receives the most physical punishment. To cope, Traddles doodles small skeletons. David and Steerforth become friends, sharing late-night storytelling sessions due to Steerforth's insomnia. A quarrel erupts between Steerforth and Mr. Mell one day when Mr. Creakle is absent. The argument uncovers a secret: David has accompanied Mr. Mell on a visit to an elderly woman at a charity home, who is revealed to be Mr. Mell’s mother. This revelation exposes Mr. Mell’s financial struggles, leading Mr. Creakle to commend Steerforth and dismiss Mr. Mell. As Mr. Mell departs, he shows a special kindness towards David. Later, David receives visitors at school, Ham and Mr. Peggotty, who find Steerforth entertaining.

chapter 8

David comes home for his vacation to find his mom and Peggotty bypassing the absence of Mr. and Miss Murdstone by enjoying a pleasant dinner. David's mother, now also a mother to a second child whom David adores, enjoys a good laugh with Peggotty and David over Mr. Barkis's marriage proposal to Peggotty. Peggotty assures them of her constant presence in their lives. Peggotty and David's mother have a slight disagreement over the latter's marriage to Mr. Murdstone. David's mother defends her decision to marry Mr. Murdstone, insisting that he is only trying to help her become a better person, which David sees as Peggotty's subtle way of comforting her. The following day, David makes amends with Mr. Murdstone for biting him and attempts to hold his baby sibling. This action triggers Miss Murdstone's fury, leading her to forbid David from ever touching the baby again. This shocks David as his mother agrees with Miss Murdstone. Further irritating situation arises when Miss Murdstone ridicules David's mother's comment about both her children having similar eyes. David is forced to endure the uncomfortable presence of the adults, who ignore him, with Mr. Murdstone blaming David's love for reading as proof of his sullen nature. As his holiday ends, David is picked up by Mr. Barkis. As he leaves, David's last image is of his mother holding up his baby sibling in his direction.

chapter 9

During the next academic term, David's mom passes away. David is sent home from school, and he is collected by Mr. Omer, who runs funeral services. He first visits Mr. Omer's shop, where he meets Mr. Omer's daughter Minnie and her boyfriend, Mr. Joram. He watches as Mr. Joram constructs his mother's coffin, and he spends the day listening to the hammering. He learns from Mr. Omer that his younger sibling passed away few days after their mother. Despite the tragic circumstances, the Omer family is cheerful, but David hangs his head low in the shop. Once David gets home, he is consoled by Peggotty. However, Miss Murdstone only seems to care if he has brought his clothes back. Looking back, David confesses that he can't recall the sequence of events from this period clearly. He does remember attending his mother's small funeral. Peggotty shares with him the details of his mother's final moments, revealing that she died resting her head on Peggotty's arm.

chapter 10

Following his mother's passing, David becomes disregarded by the Murdstones. They prefer his absence and dismiss Peggotty, who returns to her kin. She suggests David accompany her, and during their journey, Mr. Barkis woos Peggotty. When asked, David supports the idea of their marriage. Upon arrival at Mr. Peggotty's residence, David notes a matured and more attractive Little Em’ly, albeit rather spoiled. Steerforth gains admiration from Mr. Peggotty and Ham following their meeting at Salem House. While David and Little Em'ly are away, Peggotty and Mr. Barkis wed in a quiet church service. Back at the Murdstone's, David gets utterly ignored, leading to his deterioration. The arrival of Mr. Murdstone’s associate, Mr. Quinion, prompts the Murdstones to send David to work in the wine-bottling field in London.

chapter 11

David is shocked by his coworkers at Mr. Murdstone's business due to their rough and uneducated backgrounds. He crosses paths with Mr. Micawber, a financially strained yet well-mannered man who exudes dignity despite his worn-out looks. As part of a deal with Mr. Murdstone, David moves in with Mr. Micawber's family, where he is warmly accepted and made aware of their monetary problems. The Micawbers face their financial issues with heavy hearts, but easily recover over a good meal and wine. David's factory job provides him with meager wages, forcing him to mainly consume bread. Looking back, David contemplates what shopkeepers and waiters might have made of his young self-sufficiency. Known as “the little gent” at the factory, David gets by without raising any issues. Later, Mr. Micawber's unpaid debts catch up with him, landing him in debtors’ prison. There, he turns into a political advocate amongst the prisoners, campaigning for the abolition of the institution.

chapter 12

Mr. Micawber finds his freedom from imprisonment and manages to settle his financial obligations. The Micawber family then makes up their mind to relocate in pursuit of employment. David, feeling adrift without the Micawbers in London, commits to escaping to his Aunt Betsey's care. To aid in this, he procures some financial help from Peggotty and employs a lad to transport his belongings to the stagecoach depot. However, during the journey, the boy absconds with David's money and belongings.

chapter 13

David trades his clothing for food, only to be exploited by the vendors and harassed by people on the street. He winds up at the house of his aunt, Miss Betsey Trotwood, who initially attempts to dismiss him. Upon hearing he is her nephew, she seeks advice from Mr. Dick, her upstairs tenant. Mr. Dick recommends she first bathe David. Miss Betsey frequently likens David to a nonexistent sister, concluding that his sister would have been smarter than him. Miss Betsey is a stern, astute lady with a peculiar fixation on keeping donkeys off her lawn. She caters to David's basic needs and engages in an extensive conversation with Mr. Dick about David’s mother, for whom she holds great sympathy. David remains uncertain about his aunt's final decision - to accept him or cast him aside.

chapter 14

Miss Betsey informs David that she has notified Mr. Murdstone of David's whereabouts and invited him for a discussion about David's future. She then instructs David to check on Mr. Dick's autobiography project, the Memorial, which he constantly restarts as he can't stop writing about King Charles I. David also learns of Mr. Dick's giant kite and his promise to fly it with David. He also learns that Miss Betsey had saved Mr. Dick from being committed by his own brother. On arrival, the Murdstones, riding on donkeys, are chased off Miss Betsey's lawn. They are disrespectful to David during their visit, leading to Miss Betsey driving them away. Mr. Murdstone gives a warning that if David doesn't leave with him now, he will never have the opportunity again. When asked, David chooses to stay with Miss Betsey, who subsequently rechristens him Trotwood Copperfield.

chapter 15

Miss Betsey suggests that David, now known as "Trot", should join a school in Canterbury. They visit Mr. Wickfield, a lawyer and Miss Betsey's friend, in Canterbury. Here, they meet Uriah Heep, an eerie, redhead lad dressed in black. Uriah introduces them to Mr. Wickfield who suggests a school for David, but mentions that the dorms are full so David would have to stay somewhere else. They decide that David will go to the school and live with Mr. Wickfield until they find a better solution. David gets to meet Agnes, Mr. Wickfield's endearing daughter, who is her father's happiness after his wife's demise. They share a meal and tea. David later runs into Uriah in the middle of the night, whose creepiness makes David feel the urge to wipe his hand after shaking Uriah's.

chapter 16

On the following day at school, David gets acquainted with Doctor Strong, the school principal, and his youthful spouse, Annie. A conversation unfolds between Mr. Wickfield and Doctor Strong about Jack Maldon, Annie's relative, and his potential overseas job proposal that Mr. Wickfield is facilitating. Doctor Strong dispels Mr. Wickfield's concerns about any hidden motivations behind sending Jack abroad. David, initially lagging in his academics, soon pulls his socks up. He bonds with his peers and is particularly drawn to Agnes's dedication towards her dad. During a dinner, Jack Maldon bursts in expressing his eagerness to leave the country. Mr. Wickfield, maintaining a cold demeanor, assures him there won't be any hold-ups. Post dinner, Mr. Wickfield indulges in heavy drinking while Agnes and David keep him company. David gets invited to stay indefinitely at Mr. Wickfield's home, an offer he gladly accepts. Later, he encounters Uriah Heep, who inquires about his impression of Agnes. David observes Uriah's odd, snake-like reactions whenever he pleases him. David's academic prowess soon gets him recognized as the top student. During a send-off party at Doctor Strong's residence for Jack Maldon, David observes Annie's mom pushing Doctor Strong to extend more help to their impoverished family. As Jack departs for India, Annie becomes teary-eyed, and David notices one of her ribbons in Jack's possession.

chapter 17

Peggotty sends a letter to David, disclosing that his childhood home furniture has been auctioned, the Murdstones have relocated, and the house is now on the market. Upon receiving this news, David shares it with Miss Betsey during one of her routine school visits. Mr. Dick also visits regularly and is greatly admired by Doctor Strong and other students at the school. He mentions to David a peculiar incident involving Miss Betsey and a stranger at night that terrified her into fainting, though neither Mr. Dick nor David can comprehend the event. Moreover, he shares that the mysterious man has returned and Miss Betsey even gave him some money. David is invited for tea at Uriah Heep's residence where Uriah and his mother manipulate him into revealing Agnes's secrets, particularly concerning her father's health and financial affairs. He finds himself uncomfortable in their presence, feeling their insincere humility as they express gratitude for his attention. When Mr. Micawber unexpectedly appears during tea, he and David head off to see Mrs. Micawber. Despite their dire financial circumstances, the Micawbers manage to remain cheerful during their meal.

chapter 18

Looking back, grown-up David shares memories of his years in Doctor Strong’s school, including his infatuations with a young lady, Miss Shepherd, and an older woman, Miss Larkins. He also remembers a brawl with a conceited young butcher. Unexpectedly, David emerged as the most outstanding student in the school. At seventeen, he completed his education.

chapter 19

David embarks on a trip to Yarmouth to determine his future career, bidding farewell to Agnes, Mr. Wickfield, and Doctor Strong. In a farewell party thrown for him, it comes to light that Jack Maldon, claiming to be unwell, intends to return soon. However, a second letter to Annie signals that his motivation is his longing for her. David commences his journey the next day, trying to demonstrate maturity. Still, the coachman requests him to yield his seat to an older passenger. He spends his night at an inn, where he is teased for being youthful and assigned a shabby room. After watching a play, he returns to the inn and stumbles upon Steerforth in the lounge. Steerforth has grown weary of his studies at Oxford and is visiting his mother. Their joyful reunion prompts the inn staff to treat David with newfound respect.

chapter 20

Steerforth convinces David to spend some time at his mother's residence prior to their journey to Yarmouth. He even coins a new nickname for David, calling him “Daisy.” They enjoy a day of sightseeing before heading to Steerforth's place. On arrival, David is introduced to Mrs. Steerforth, Steerforth's elderly widowed mother, and Rosa Dartle, a remote relative who was orphaned and later adopted by Mrs. Steerforth. Mrs. Steerforth is noticeably a feminine counterpart of her son, always expressing her unending affection for him. Rosa Dartle bears a scar above her mouth, a remnant of Steerforth's childhood temper when he threw a hammer at her. Though Rosa often exhibits sarcasm towards the boys, they both find her intriguing.

chapter 21

David encounters Steerforth's intimidating and arrogant servant, Littimer, at Steerforth's place. David convinces Steerforth to join him in visiting Ham and Mr. Peggotty in Yarmouth and also meet Peggotty and Little Em’ly. En route, David makes a stop at Mr. Omer’s store and chats with Mr. Omer and his daughter, now wedded to her beloved. Mr. Omer shares that Little Em’ly, despite her diligence, is criticized for being pretentious by the local girls. David postpones meeting Little Em’ly and proceeds to Barkis's residence to find Peggotty. Peggotty initially fails to identify David but is overwhelmed with emotion once she does. Despite being unwell, Mr. Barkis is delighted to see David, and he gives Peggotty some money from his treasured stash to make dinner. Steerforth's arrival and cheerfulness enliven the evening. However, looking back, adult David wonders if Steerforth's charm was simply a manipulation tactic stemming from his sense of dominance. He dismisses this thought as untrue. When they visit Mr. Peggotty’s home, they find everyone excited because Little Em’ly has decided to marry Ham. David is happy about the news, but Steerforth is mysteriously upset.

chapter 22

David tours his former home in Yarmouth, a visit filled with both joy and sadness. One night, he comes back to find Steerforth by himself and upset. Steerforth expresses his resentment over his lack of a paternal figure and his consequent struggles with personal guidance. He discloses to David that he would even prefer to be the unfortunate Ham instead of his own wealthy and wise self. Later, Steerforth tells David about a boat he purchased for Mr. Peggotty to use in his absence, christened "The Little Em'ly." At the local tavern, David and Steerforth encounter Miss Mowcher, an outspoken dwarf who also happens to be Steerforth's barber. Their conversation touches on Mr. Peggotty, Ham, and Little Em'ly. When David reaches Peggotty's place, where he is to spend the night, he finds Little Em'ly, Ham, and Martha, a woman who once worked alongside Little Em'ly at Mr. Omer's. Martha has fallen from grace and has now returned to seek help from Little Em’ly. After Martha departs, Little Em’ly becomes inconsolable, lamenting that she is not the good girl that she should be.

chapter 23

David decides to keep Little Em’ly's emotional episode a secret from Steerforth out of affection for her. During their coach journey home, he informs Steerforth about Miss Betsey's letter suggesting he pursue a career as a proctor, an idea which Steerforth encourages and David agrees to. Upon reaching London, he reconnects with Miss Betsey, who has journeyed there to meet him. She is notably worried about leaving Mr. Dick at home alone, fearing he won't manage to prevent donkeys from invading her lawn. Despite David's concerns about the costs, he and Miss Betsey agree he will become a proctor. As they head to the Doctors’ Commons to settle David's admission, a seemingly destitute man approaches. Miss Betsey disappears into a cab with him and when she returns, it's clear she has given him most of her money. She makes David promise not to speak of the incident again. They then visit the Spenlow and Jorkins' offices where Mr. Spenlow agrees to hire David as a clerk. Lastly, they secure a place for David to stay with Mrs. Crupp, a kind old woman who assures them she'll look after David as if he were her own child.

chapter 24

David is pleased with his new living arrangements but feels lonely during evenings as Steerforth is at Oxford. He visits Mrs. Steerforth and Miss Dartle, who spend their time praising Steerforth. Upon Steerforth's return, they plan a dinner party with David and Steerforth's friends at David’s place. David indulges too much in the party preparations and in drinking, leading to a state of sickness. In his drunken state, he accompanies Steerforth to the theater where he encounters Agnes, who insists he return home. The following day, David battles a hangover and shame.

chapter 25

David receives a call from Agnes, who is currently based in London. She cautions him about his association with Steerforth, labeling him as David's “bad Angel,” and advises him to limit his interactions with Steerforth. David is unsettled by her words, causing him to view Steerforth in a new light. Agnes also shares troubling news that Uriah Heep has managed to secure a partnership with her father, Mr. Wickfield, causing distress to both her and David. During a social gathering at Agnes's residence, David crosses paths with his old friend from Salem House, Tommy Traddles, and Uriah Heep. Uriah latches onto David, following him back to his home. During an uncomfortable chat, Uriah discloses his plans to propose to Agnes. He further imposes himself by spending the night sleeping on David's apartment floor, his malicious aura preventing David from getting any sleep.

chapter 26

David is invited by his boss, Mr. Spenlow, from the Doctors’ Commons, to his residence for the weekend. At the Spenlow household, David encounters Dora, Mr. Spenlow's daughter, and immediately falls head over heels for her. He also comes across Miss Murdstone, hired by Mr. Spenlow to look after his daughter since her mother's death. Miss Murdstone proposes to David that they should put their bitter history behind them, which he agrees to. On a sunny morning, David chats with Dora while she is out strolling with her tiny dog, which further deepens his infatuation with her. When David gets back home, his housekeeper Mrs. Crupp, detects his lovesick behavior. She advises him to keep his spirit up and distract himself with other activities.

chapter 27

David pays a visit to Tommy Traddles and realizes that Tommy shares an apartment building with the Micawbers. Tommy is pursuing his law studies and his living condition is quite poor. His earnings are not sufficient to marry his sweetheart, who has pledged to wait until he gathers enough funds. Yet, Traddles has managed to accrue a few items, including a flowerpot and a tiny table. While Mr. Micawber is battling severe money problems again, he remains optimistic about securing a job soon. Mrs. Micawber is expecting another child.

chapter 28

David invites Mr. and Mrs. Micawber and Traddles over for a meal at his place, and after some persuasion, Mrs. Crupp agrees to prepare the food. The meal turns out to be undercooked, but Mrs. Micawber takes charge and they all enjoy re-cooking and eating the food together. Out of the blue, Littimer, Steerforth's servant, shows up, looking for his master. David says he hasn't seen Steerforth. Littimer doesn't offer any explanation for his visit, causing some discomfort among the guests. After he departs, the group resumes their cheerful evening, discussing Mr. Micawber’s promising future in the brewing industry. Upon their departure, David warns Traddles against lending anything to Mr. Micawber or allowing his name to be used for further credit. Traddles admits he already has, but insists Mr. Micawber has it under control. David is relieved that he never lent Mr. Micawber money. Almost immediately after, Steerforth shows up at David’s apartment. David tells him about Traddles' visit, which Steerforth dismisses. Steerforth admits he's been at sea in Yarmouth and mentions Mr. Barkis is gravely sick. He hands David a letter from Peggotty and expresses sympathy for Mr. Barkis but insists a man has to "[r]ide over all obstacles, and win the race!" David plans to visit Peggotty, but Steerforth convinces him to stop by his mother's house first. As David gets ready for bed, he finds a letter from Mr. Micawber. The letter reveals that Mr. Micawber hasn't cleared Traddles' debt as he claimed.

chapter 29

During his visit to Steerforth's house, David interacts with Miss Dartle and Mrs. Steerforth. Miss Dartle accuses him of keeping Steerforth from his mother, but David assures her that he hasn't been with Steerforth for a while, leaving Miss Dartle quite upset. At dinner, she suggests that a disagreement between Steerforth and his mother would be fierce as neither would yield. Despite this, Mrs. Steerforth insists that they are too aware of their responsibilities to each other to ever fight. Wrapping up the day, Steerforth asks David to vow that if they ever part ways, he'll remember Steerforth in a positive light. David gives his word. On his way out, he gazes at the sleeping Steerforth, wishing, in hindsight, that he could have frozen this moment to prevent the forthcoming disasters.

chapter 30

David reaches Yarmouth and meets Mr. Omer. He learns that Little Em'ly hasn't been acting like herself lately, and Martha, Em'ly's friend, has disappeared since his last visit. Next, he heads to Peggotty's house and finds Peggotty, Mr. Peggotty, and Em'ly in the kitchen. He discovers that Mr. Barkis is on the brink of death and it's believed he will pass away when the tide goes out. Em'ly appears particularly distressed, barely acknowledging David. As predicted, Mr. Barkis dies when the tide starts to pull back.

chapter 31

Following the demise of Mr. Barkis, David assists Peggotty in managing her affairs in Yarmouth. He learns that Mr. Barkis has left her a hefty inheritance and given some money to Mr. Peggotty as well. Interrupting his narrative, the mature David expresses his reluctance to continue his tale, stating that the result won't change even if he chooses not to recount it. Next, David visits Mr. Peggotty's residence where Ham and Little Em'ly are due to arrive. When Ham shows up, he discloses to David that Little Em'ly has absconded. David and Mr. Peggotty are devastated by this news. Little Em'ly has left behind a letter requesting everyone to forget about her, clarifying that she will only return if the man she has eloped with can elevate her status to a lady. Ham identifies the man as Steerforth. The group is overcome with sorrow and Mr. Peggotty pledges to search for Little Em'ly.

chapter 32

Mr. Peggotty promises to track down Little Em’ly the following day. He informs David that they will start their search in London. He consoles Mrs. Gummidge and requests her to stay back, anticipating Em’ly's return. When David comes back to his lodging, he is visited by Miss Mowcher. She explains her role in the misfortune that befell the Peggotty family. She had initially mistaken David as being in love with Little Em’ly and not Steerforth. Consequently, she had handed over a letter, wrongly assumed to be from David, to Em’ly. This letter spurred the entire debacle. Miss Mowcher apologizes and requests David not to prejudge her due to her small size. She points out that being sarcastic is her way of fitting into the sophisticated social circles she frequents. David concurs and his perspective of Miss Mowcher changes when she departs. The following day, Mr. Peggotty and David reach London. They meet Mrs. Steerforth, who places the blame for her son's downfall on Little Em’ly and Mr. Peggotty. She firmly asserts that her son will never wed Em’ly. Upon leaving, Miss Dartle accuses David of causing this situation by introducing Steerforth to Em’ly and bringing Mr. Peggotty to their home. Mr. Peggotty leaves to continue his search for Em’ly.

chapter 33

David is consumed by his thoughts of Dora while wandering near her home, but cannot bring himself to visit. He accompanies Peggotty, who is in London with him, to the Doctors’ Commons to handle her legal matters. Mr. Murdstone shows up to collect his new marriage license, and Peggotty confronts him, blaming him for the demise of David’s mother. David is invited over by Mr. Spenlow for Dora’s birthday celebration. Despite another man showing interest in Dora at the party, David remains calm and unbothered. Julia Mills, a friend of Dora's, intervenes and helps David and Dora patch up their differences. They fall in love and plan to meet at Miss Mills' house when Dora visits. The couple gets engaged and keeps their meetings via Miss Mills a secret, not sharing their engagement news with others. Looking back, David confesses that he was most content during that time. Recently, he saw his daughter wearing a ring similar to the one he gave Dora, which stirred up a hurtful reminder of her.

chapter 34

Traddles comes to see David and shares more details about his future wife, the fourth daughter of a Devonshire curate who takes care of her family. He also divulges the financial struggles of Mr. Micawber, who's had to move and alter his identity to Mortimer due to mounting debts. The law has confiscated all his belongings, even his table and flower pot. Traddles requests Peggotty's help to buy these items back from the pawnbroker to avoid Micawber being charged excessively. Peggotty consents. Upon their return, they find Miss Betsey at home with all her possessions and the disturbing revelation that her business ventures have failed disastrously.

chapter 35

David feels downhearted realizing his impoverished state, worrying over Dora's potential deprivation. He admits to Miss Betsey his love for Dora, who reprimands him for chasing a fruitless romance. David attempts to terminate his unpaid law apprenticeship, but Mr. Spenlow declines to return the fee Miss Betsey used to secure the apprenticeship. While returning home, David encounters Agnes on her way to Miss Betsey. Agnes, aware of Miss Betsey’s financial downfall, offers David consolation. She informs him about Uriah Heep's destructive influence on her father, explaining how Uriah and his mother's intrusion has altered the Wickfields' home environment. Together, David and Agnes visit Miss Betsey, discussing her monetary issues. Agnes proposes David consider employment as Doctor Strong's secretary. Upon Mr. Wickfield and Uriah Heep's arrival, Miss Betsey rebukes Uriah, who retains his detestable nature.

chapter 36

David, faced with new financial hardships, sees it as an opportunity to show Dora his devotion. He resolves to overcome all obstacles for her sake and to help himself and his aunt out of their troubles. Doctor Strong consents to have David as his secretary to assist him with his ongoing dictionary project, and they start work immediately. During breakfast, Jack Maldon invites Annie to the opera, which she's reluctant to attend but Doctor Strong insists. David doubts Jack Maldon’s motives and Annie's loyalty to Doctor Strong. He later learns that Annie has managed to call off the outing and visits Agnes instead. He takes Mr. Dick, worried about Miss Betsey’s financial predicament, to meet Traddles. They agree that Mr. Dick should work on transcribing legal documents, provided he doesn't mention King Charles I. He accomplishes this and contributes financially. David gets a note from Mr. Micawber announcing his plan to relocate and asking for a farewell meeting. David and Traddles dine with the Micawbers and find out about Mr. Micawber's intention to work for Uriah Heep in Canterbury. This arrangement makes David uneasy, but he is unaware of the specifics.

chapter 37

When David next encounters Dora at Miss Mills's residence, he confides in her about his monetary difficulties. The thought of potentially enduring destitution sends Dora into a frenzy, and she adamantly rejects David's suggestion that she needs to acquire domestic management skills. Although David manages to soothe Dora, she reacts with hysteria each time he broaches the subject of finances. In desperation, David pleads with Miss Mills to aid him in making Dora comprehend the situation. Miss Mills consents to give it a shot, despite her skepticism about the feasibility of the task.

chapter 38

Mr. Spenlow pulls David from work one day to confront him about his secret romance with Dora. He warns David to stop seeing his daughter, threatening to disown her and send her overseas if David doesn't obey. David responds that he can't forsake Dora because their love for each other is too strong. Tragically, Mr. Spenlow passes away due to a carriage mishap that same evening. Dora chooses not to see David, repeating to Miss Mills, who often brings up the topic, that it isn't right for her to focus on anything other than her late father. Although heartbroken, David is hopeful that Dora will eventually reconsider.

chapter 39

David attempts to forget his issues with Dora by inspecting Miss Betsey's cottage, which is found to be well-maintained. He then heads to Canterbury to meet Agnes and Mr. Wickfield and discovers that Uriah Heep and his mother now dominate Mr. Wickfield's household. David spots Mr. Micawber, a tenant, but their conversation reveals a growing estrangement. Agnes convinces David to write to Dora's aunts for permission to see her. David desires a private conversation with Agnes but Mrs. Heep's constant presence thwarts his attempts. David's announcement about his engagement and the fact that it's not with Agnes makes Uriah confess he tasked Mrs. Heep with tailing David and Agnes. Uriah also professes his love for Agnes and plans to wed her. He shares his father's advice of utilizing humility and flattery for success. Despite his humility, Uriah acknowledges his hold over others. In a later meeting with Uriah and Mr. Wickfield, Uriah gets Mr. Wickfield intoxicated, makes a toast to Agnes, and declares his marriage intentions. This sends Mr. Wickfield into a fit of hysteria as he expresses the extent of Uriah's influence over him. In response, Uriah threatens Mr. Wickfield to keep his secret or face the consequences. The situation is defused when Agnes enters the room and escorts Mr. Wickfield out. Before leaving, David exchanges a heartfelt farewell with Agnes. Uriah then tells David that he has made amends with Mr. Wickfield. He confesses that his mistake was mentioning his intentions towards Agnes prematurely, but assures David it's bound to happen.

chapter 40

On a late evening, David encounters Mr. Peggotty. He reveals he has been searching for Little Em'ly overseas, nearly locating her several times. He has also received a letter from her. In total, Little Em'ly has sent three letters with money to the Peggottys. Mrs. Gummidge has responded to one of these letters, reassuring Little Em'ly that her uncle deeply misses her and is ready to forgive her if she returns. As Mr. Peggotty narrates this to David, he spots Martha eavesdropping by the inn door. Martha vanishes, after which Mr. Peggotty leaves for a budget-friendly lodging where he plans to spend the night before resuming his search.

chapter 41

David gets a response from Dora's aunts, welcoming him to come over to talk about his relationship with Dora. Excited, David takes Traddles with him for support in convincing the aunts. On the journey, David requests Traddles to tidy his hair. Traddles claims that his hair, due to a family characteristic, will never lie flat despite combing, a fact that often provokes mockery from the sisters of his sweetheart, Sophy Crewler. David has a meeting with the sisters Lavinia and Clarissa, who appear to delight in the opportunity to supervise his courtship with Dora. They extend an invitation for him to join them for weekly dinners and tea on a regular basis. David spends all his weekends with Dora, who has begun to affectionately call him “Doady.” Despite his love for Dora, he struggles to persuade her to learn housekeeping. David mildly resents that both he and Dora's aunts treat Dora the way she pampers her dog, Jip. He realizes that even he sometimes sees Dora as a toy.

chapter 42

Agnes and Mr. Wickfield pay the Strongs a visit, during which Agnes and Dora form a bond. Despite David's longstanding connection with Agnes, Dora is surprised at his love for her. When David escorts Agnes home, she reassures him she will not wed Uriah and lately finds solace in solitude. David encounters Uriah, Mr. Wickfield, and Doctor Strong, who is in tears, in the latter's study. Uriah reveals to Doctor Strong that their mutual friends think Annie, the doctor's wife, is having an affair with Jack Maldon. Uriah coerces David and Mr. Wickfield into corroborating the suspicions. Doctor Strong chooses not to question Annie's loyalty, blaming himself for marrying a woman too young and attractive, who likely feels unsatisfied with an elder husband. After Mr. Wickfield escorts a heartbroken Doctor Strong to his room, David hits Uriah, expressing his loathing for him. Uriah's forgiving response leaves David feeling morally outdone for the first time. In the ensuing weeks, David notes increasing melancholy in the Strong household. Only Mr. Dick, a cherished friend of both Annie and Doctor Strong, can provide any respite. Meanwhile, David gets a letter from Mrs. Micawber, revealing Mr. Micawber's transformation into a grumpy, greedy stranger, distant from his family and curt with her.

chapter 43

David and Dora tie the knot in the presence of their loved ones during an elegant wedding event.

chapter 44

Despite Dora's ineptitude at domestic tasks and their servants' deceit, David finds happiness in their marriage. While he works for a newspaper and several magazines, Dora remains supportive, often staying awake to observe him write. Dora's request for David to perceive her as his "child-wife" when she errs, illustrates her affection for him. Despite his wish for Dora to play a more advisory role in his life, David's love for her is unwavering. His aunt also grows fond of Dora, making efforts to ensure her happiness.

chapter 45

Mr. Dick visits David while he's working, questioning if David perceives him as simple-minded. David agrees, much to Mr. Dick's satisfaction. He then inquires about the discord between Doctor and Mrs. Strong, prompting David to detail their marital woes. Mr. Dick proposes that he should help mend their relationship, as their more intellectual acquaintances wouldn't dare. During a subsequent visit to the Strongs' alongside Miss Betsey, Mr. Dick guides Annie to Doctor Strong. Annie confesses her enduring love for her husband, unaffected by Jack Maldon's betrayal or her mother's manipulations. She pledges her loyalty to Doctor Strong and his goals, stating “There can be no disparity in marriage like unsuitability of mind and purpose.” She pleads for his acceptance and promises her love is stronger than ever. This declaration leaves David moved yet uneasy.

chapter 46

During an evening walk, David Copperfield is summoned into the Steerforths' home to meet with Miss Dartle who treats him with cruelty. Littimer, a servant, reveals to David that Steerforth, tired of Little Em’ly, has left her in a villa in Naples. Upon proposing to her, Littimer faced her wrath and hysterics, resulting in him confining her to prevent suicide. However, Little Em’ly managed to escape and her whereabouts remain unknown. Following rough treatment from Steerforth, Littimer has returned to inform Mrs. Steerforth and seek another job. David sternly tells Littimer he'll disclose his role in Little Em’ly's seduction to Mr. Peggotty and advises he keep a low profile, which Littimer seems unconcerned by. David and Mrs. Steerforth part on polite terms. David proceeds to find Mr. Peggotty, who is in London searching for Little Em’ly, and shares Littimer's revelation. They agree to enlist Martha's help to locate Little Em’ly and together they track down Martha. They tail her until they reach a less crowded location where they deem it suitable to approach her.

chapter 47

Mr. Peggotty and David locate Martha by the riverbank, engaging her in a conversation. She reacts overly emotional but consents to assist them in tracking down Little Em’ly. As David heads back home, he notices his aunt’s front door ajar. Entering, he finds the individual that Mr. Dick mentioned was troubling Miss Betsey, standing with her in the yard. David eavesdrops as his aunt attempts to dismiss the man. Once inside, Miss Betsey reveals to David that the man is her supposedly deceased husband who's been exploiting her for money.

chapter 48

Despite his efforts, David fails to mold Dora's mindset to suit his intellectual needs. Dora remains unchanged and David eventually concedes. His marriage isn't exactly blissful as he feels they are mismatched. He entertains the idea that a child might foster maturity in Dora. Indeed, Dora gets pregnant, but the baby tragically doesn't survive birth. Following this, Dora's health deteriorates, resulting in the loss of her mobility. Consequently, David is tasked with lifting her up and down the stairways.

chapter 49

David and Traddles get peculiar letters from Mr. and Mrs. Micawber. The letters insist on keeping things confidential, denote that the Micawbers are in a bad state, and request a meeting with David and Traddles if possible. They decide to rendezvous with Mr. Micawber. The meeting uncovers Mr. Micawber's financial disaster due to Uriah Heep's deceit. Seeking revenge, Mr. Micawber implores David and Miss Betsey to join him and Mrs. Micawber at a local inn the next week.

chapter 50

One evening, Martha approaches David, urging him to accompany her. Earlier, she attempted to locate Mr. Peggotty, who was absent, leaving him directions to reach her. Martha and David hasten through the city to Little Em’ly's current residence. There, they encounter Miss Dartle, berating Little Em’ly with harsh words. David, however, chooses not to step in for Little Em’ly, believing it's Mr. Peggotty’s responsibility to protect her. Eventually, Mr. Peggotty arrives, lifting an unconscious Little Em’ly in his arms and takes her away.

chapter 51

Mr. Peggotty shares Little Em'ly's story with David and Miss Betsey. She managed to flee from Littimer and was found delirious on a beach by a woman who helped her recover. Afterwards, Little Em'ly journeyed through France and England with the intention of returning home. However, she backed out for fear of rejection from her family. Luckily, Martha found her and sought out Mr. Peggotty and David. Intent on giving Little Em'ly a fresh start, Mr. Peggotty plans to move to Australia where they are both unknown. On the way, he decides to bid Ham farewell in Yarmouth and asks David to join him. In Yarmouth, David meets Mr. Omer, who despite his failing health, is happy to hear of Little Em'ly's improved circumstances and offers his assistance to Martha. Ham, through David, conveys his lasting love for Little Em'ly and his regret for imposing his affections on her. The old house is sealed off by Mr. Peggotty, with Mrs. Gummidge agreeing to accompany him and Little Em'ly to Australia.

chapter 52

David, Traddles, Miss Betsey, Agnes, and Mr. Micawber confront Uriah Heep over his fraudulent activities at his own residence. Mr. Micawber has gathered substantial evidence to prove Uriah's illicit actions. When Uriah grasps the situation, he sheds his false modesty and spews violence, primarily at David. Miss Betsey discloses Uriah's role in her downfall and insists on recovering her assets. Uriah retaliates with more insults, particularly towards David. After dealing with Uriah, Mr. and Mrs. Micawber make amends. Mrs. Micawber and Miss Betsey meet for the first time. Miss Betsey proposes the Micawbers consider migrating to Australia and offers to lend them money for their journey.

chapter 53

Dora falls terribly sick and is bedridden, leaving David longing for her presence. Agnes drops by for a visit. As Dora senses her end is near, she confides in David about how she was too immature for marriage. This leads David to contemplate if it would've been better for them to have been childhood lovers and then forget about each other. With Agnes upstairs, Jip, their small dog, whimpers at the stairs, wanting to be with his owner. He approaches David, gives his hand a lick, and passes away before him. When Agnes descends, she reveals that Dora has also passed away.

chapter 54

Mr. Micawber contemplates relocation to Australia for his family's welfare. He wishes to manage his financial affairs with Miss Betsey responsibly, while his wife insists on mending her familial ties before their departure. Traddles, Agnes, David, and Miss Betsey gather to review the Micawbers' economic condition. Traddles has found a way to recover both Miss Betsey's and Mr. Wickfield's lost funds. Agnes plans to lease her house and establish a school to sustain herself and her father financially. At the same time, David considers going overseas. Traddles shares that Uriah and his mother have mysteriously disappeared from the town. Plans are put in place to pay off the Micawbers' debts and fund their trip to Australia. Two days later, Miss Betsey escorts David to a hospital and a funeral, revealing the death of her husband and assuring David he won't trouble her further.

chapter 55

David carries a letter from Little Em’ly to Ham in Yarmouth, revealing her imminent departure to Australia. En route, a fierce storm hits the town causing significant destruction. A Spanish ship gets wrecked near the shoreline, and David, along with others, witnesses the tragic event from the beach. Any efforts to rescue the sailors fail, leaving only one survivor clinging onto the mast of the ship. Suddenly, Ham, just returned from a job, arrives at the scene. He bravely ties a rope around his waist and attempts to rescue the lone sailor. Despite his courageous effort, a massive tidal wave engulfs the ship, tragically taking Ham's life. The following morning, David is called to the beach, where the tide has washed up Steerforth's body.

chapter 56

David visits Mrs. Steerforth and delivers the news of her son's passing. Currently bedridden, she is residing in her son's room. Miss Dartle is also there when David breaks the news. Miss Dartle confronts Mrs. Steerforth, questioning her right to grieve for her son since she was the one who turned him into the person he became, while she, Miss Dartle, loved him deeply. The news of her son's death leaves Mrs. Steerforth frozen and unable to recover from the shock.

chapter 57

Those setting off for Australia converse and share a drink with their counterparts staying home. They contemplate over Mr. Micawber's potential success in this new land. David withholds the news of the Yarmouth misfortune from Mr. Peggotty and Little Em’ly, reassuring them everything is fine. Prior to their departure, David inquires about the plans for Martha. Mr. Peggotty reveals Martha is accompanying them on their sea voyage to Australia, already seated beside him on the ship.

chapter 58

David relocates to Switzerland after journeying overseas. He grieves the loss of Dora, Steerforth, and Ham, the anguish of his losses truly sinks in. A letter from Agnes makes him realize his affection for her. He decides to wait a year from Dora's passing before considering matters of the heart. Meanwhile, he commits to self-improvement.

chapter 59

David Copperfield goes back to London and visits his friend Traddles, who is now a married man. Despite being financially strapped, Traddles and his wife enjoy a blissful marital life. During his stay at an inn, David bumps into Mr. Chillip, a doctor who used to treat his family. Mr. Chillip reveals that he currently resides next to Mr. and Miss Murdstone. The Murdstones have made life miserable for Mr. Murdstone's second wife and remain as cruel and unpleasant as before.

chapter 60

David reunites with Miss Betsey, and they converse into the early morning hours. When he asks about any romantic interests of Agnes, his aunt only discloses that Agnes is loved by many, but she herself has a single love interest, whose identity is kept secret. The following day, David meets with Agnes and confesses his deep respect for her, regardless of her future decisions. His affection appears to unsettle Agnes. Mr. Wickfield's tranquility is restored and his household resembles its past when David and Agnes were kids. Agnes's school is thriving, and serenity, wealth, and joy have returned to their home. Wickfield reflects on his illness, his fixation on Agnes's mother following her death, and his subsequent obsession with Agnes. He expresses gratitude to Agnes for assisting in his recovery.

chapter 61

David gets a note from Mr. Creakle, who is aware of David's accomplishments. Now a justice of peace, Creakle invites David to his jail to see his new punishment method, which he believes is ideal for changing convicts' behavior. At the jail, David and Traddles are introduced to two inmates who demonstrate the effectiveness of Creakle's method. The first inmate is Uriah, serving a life sentence for defrauding the Bank of England. Uriah expresses to David, Traddles, and the wardens his wish that everyone could experience prison to better themselves. The other inmate is Littimer, caught while attempting a robbery after Miss Mowcher identified him on the street and foiled his escape.

chapter 62

Agnes and David's friendship persists. When David cannot stand it anymore, he insists on finding out who holds the deepest affection in her heart. Overcome with tears, Agnes reveals that it is David himself. Soon, within a fortnight, they exchange engagement and wedding vows.

chapter 63

During a day spent with Agnes and their three kids, David receives a visit from Mr. Peggotty. He shares updates about Mr. Micawber, who's now a judge, and Little Em’ly who is thriving. Martha, now the wife of a farmer, and Mrs. Gummidge are also doing well. After spending a month, Mr. Peggotty departs for Australia, and sadly, they never meet him again.

chapter 64

David reflects on the current circumstances. Miss Betsey, albeit aged, maintains her dignified demeanor, joined by Peggotty who remains cheerful despite her old age. Mr. Dick keeps up with his autobiography. Mrs. Steerforth and Miss Dartle perpetually bicker, while Doctor Strong tirelessly works on his dictionary, basking in marital delight with Annie. Traddles, who's a prosperous lawyer, enjoys a happy marital life with Sophy. Agnes continues to be David’s guiding star.

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