A Thousand Splendid Suns Summary

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Here you will find a A Thousand Splendid Suns summary (Khaled Hosseini's book).
We begin with a summary of the entire book, and then you can read each individual chapter's summary by visiting the links on the "Chapters" section.

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Last Updated: Monday 1 Jan, 2024

A Thousand Splendid Suns Summary Overview

In the mid-20th century Afghanistan, two girls' lives unfold in interspersing narratives. Mariam, an illegitimate child born in the 1950s, lives a secluded life with her mother Nana in a shack provided by her father, Jalil. Despite yearning for her father's acceptance, she is confronted with disappointments, including Jalil breaking a promise to celebrate her fifteenth birthday, igniting her to leave home in search of him. When she returns, she finds her mother has tragically committed suicide. Feeling responsible and seeking solace from her father's rejection, she is ultimately married off to a shoemaker, Rasheed, who is thirty years her senior and is sent to Kabul, marking the end of her contact with her father. In the same city, in the late 1970s, we meet Laila, born amidst the political chaos and communist revolution. Her narrative is tinged with grief for her brothers' loss in the Afghan resistance against Soviet Russia and her mother's subsequent depression. Laila's solace comes in the form of her father, a university teacher, and Tariq, her protective friend. Their friendship deepens into an intimate relationship, but Tariq's family's sudden departure from war-ridden Kabul leaves Laila devastated. After losing her parents in a rocket attack, she is rescued by Rasheed and Mariam, leading to an unexpected marriage proposal from Rasheed. Now pregnant with Tariq's child, she accepts the proposal and falsely claims Rasheed as the father of her unborn child. Rasheed's oppressive patriarchal rule, further enabled by the Taliban regime, brings both wives under abusive control. When the truth of Laila's daughter's paternity emerges, Rasheed's aggression escalates. Eventually, Laila bears him a son, but Rasheed's financial instability forces her to place her daughter in an orphanage. The revelation of Tariq's survival sparks a series of events culminating in Mariam killing Rasheed to protect Laila. To safeguard Laila and her children, Mariam takes sole responsibility for the murder and faces a death sentence. Laila, Tariq, and the children find refuge in Pakistan, eventually returning to a restored Kabul. Using the money bequeathed by Mariam's father to her, they renovate the orphanage and Laila, now pregnant, takes a teaching position there, honoring the legacy of the woman who saved her life.

chapter 1

Mariam is the illegitimate child of Jalil Khan, a rich man with three spouses. Her mother, Nana, was never wedded to Jalil. At the tender age of five, Mariam accidentally damages Nana's tea ware and is called a harami—bastard—exposing her to the reality of her birth. Nana was a maid in Jalil's property when she conceived Mariam. Jalil then discreetly organized a separate residence for Nana and Mariam. Nana once revealed to Mariam her regret that her father did not end the lives of both her and Mariam before birth.

chapter 2

Jalil, with the help of his two sons, constructed a small hut, known as a kolba, for Nana and her baby. He opted to undertake the task himself instead of hiring workers. Mariam, born in 1959, has heard two contrasting accounts of her birth. According to Nana, she delivered Mariam alone in their kolba and Jalil came to see his newborn daughter after a month. On the other hand, Jalil insists that he had arranged for Nana's hospital delivery and even chose Mariam's name. Mariam, who cherishes her weekly visits from her father, holds more faith in Jalil’s narrative.

chapter 3

Jalil's sons bring provisions to Nana and Mariam monthly, an event met with Nana's stone-throwing and verbal abuse. Nana harbors a particular disdain for visitors from the village bearing gifts for Mariam. Despite this, Mariam looks forward to her frequent interactions with Mullah Faizullah, the local tutor. He instructs her in reading and praying. On learning that Jalil's other daughters attend school, Mariam expresses her desire to join them to Mullah Faizullah. He requests Nana's permission for Mariam's schooling, but Nana firmly denies it. She insists Mariam only needs to learn one lesson in life: endurance.

chapter 4

Mariam eagerly awaits the weekly arrival of her father, a wait that fills her with excitement for days. Her father, Jalil, and her mother, Nana, engage in a courteous exchange before Jalil spends quality time with Mariam. They share joyful moments, going fishing and singing together. Jalil also brings Mariam small gifts and updates about the world beyond her humble home, the kolba. After Jalil departs, Mariam fantasizes about being an integral part of his life, living under the same roof and taking care of him.

chapter 5

Jalil consistently pays visits to Mariam and Nana, with Nana maintaining a decorous demeanor. However, in 1974, as Mariam approaches her fifteenth birthday, she expresses her wish to Jalil of watching “Pinocchio” at the cinema. Post Jalil’s departure, Nana lashes out at Mariam for her perceived ingratitude and desire to leave Nana all by herself. As her birthday arrives, Mariam waits in vain for Jalil, leading her to venture out in search of him - her first time away from home. Contrary to Nana’s portrayal, the villagers turn out to be friendly, with one of them helping Mariam locate Jalil Khan’s house. Yet, she gets rebuffed at her father's place, told he’s not home. Despite catching a glimpse of Jalil from her vantage point near the window, Mariam is sternly ushered away. The return trip home is solemn and upon arrival, she is met with a horrifying sight - Nana has taken her own life.

chapter 6

Jalil attempts to console Mariam after burying Nana, yet she longs for Mullah Faizullah. Her mentor recites the Koran to her, but Mariam's guilt over her mother's death remains unrelieved. She mostly confines herself to her room in Jalil's residence. Niloufar, her half-sister, brings a gramophone and plays tunes. When Mullah Faizullah visits, Mariam confesses feeling culpable for Nana's death. He assures her that Nana's lifelong unhappiness was not her fault. Not long after this, Mariam is summoned downstairs by Niloufar's mother for an urgent family discussion.

chapter 7

Mariam is told by Jalil’s wives about an impending marriage proposal from Rasheed, a widowed shoemaker of 45 years from Kabul. Mariam is resistant, feeling too young and expressing her preference to stay with Mullah Faizullah. Nevertheless, Jalil’s wives insist that she is of suitable marrying age and argue that living with her elderly tutor would only burden him and his family. Despite her pleas, Jalil disregards Mariam's feelings, having already made plans with Rasheed. Subsequently, Mariam is escorted back to her room and confined.

chapter 8

Mariam ties the knot with Rasheed on the following day. Preparing for their journey to Kabul, they are seen off by Jalil at the bus station. Although Jalil tries to convince Mariam about the delights of Kabul, she interrupts him. She confesses her deep affection for him, but also her newfound realization that he feels embarrassed of her. She asks her father not to come to see her in Kabul, asserting she no longer wishes to maintain contact with him. As the bus leaves, Mariam boards without a backward glance.

chapter 9

Rasheed introduces Mariam to their house, triggering in her a deep longing for her past. Her crying discomforts Rasheed, who expresses disgust over women's tears. He directs Mariam to her separate room, revealing his preference for solitude at night. Noticing Mariam's trembling, he questions if she fears him, to which she dishonestly responds in the negative. Rasheed expresses confidence that Mariam will grow fond of this new place before withdrawing, leaving her by herself.

chapter 10

For days, Mariam stays in her room, paralyzed by fear. She listens as Rasheed shares stories about his day and the news each evening. Not much of it makes sense to her, and she patiently waits for him to leave. One evening, Rasheed implies that it's time for Mariam to assume her role as his wife. Consequently, Mariam starts unpacking her belongings the following day. She cleans up the house and cooks meals. To bake her bread, she has to use the community oven, the tandoor. When she arrives, she’s met with a flurry of questions from the local women. Overwhelmed, Mariam quickly retreats back home. When Rasheed returns, he doesn't take note of the clean house but commends her on her cooking. Rasheed then tells her he’ll guide her around Kabul the following day, presenting her with a burqa to wear. He makes it clear that he expects Mariam, his wife, to respect his privacy: her face is his business.

chapter 11

Rasheed assists Mariam with donning her burqa, an unfamiliar attire for her. Rasheed insists she will grow fond of it in time. During a subsequent stroll in the market, Rasheed enters a shop, leaving Mariam to observe the other women, who are "modern" in their makeup, stylish shoes, and freedom to roam without male escorts. Upon his return, Rasheed gifts Mariam with an elegant, silk scarf, an act Mariam perceives as kindness, expressing her gratitude. That evening, Rasheed's presence is continuous. With his hand on Mariam's neck, he touches her, despite her clear discomfort and fear. Their lovemaking is distressing for Mariam, and when he's done, Rasheed departs the room.

chapter 12

Mariam readies herself for Ramadan, noticing changes in both Rasheed and Kabul. Rasheed only occasionally observes the fast, which makes him grumpy. The culmination of Ramadan brings relief and joy for Mariam as she and Rasheed partake in the citywide celebrations. Mariam encounters a woman named Fariba whom she met earlier. Rasheed warns Mariam to avoid Fariba, branding her a meddlesome chatterbox and her husband an arrogant intellectual. During the three-day Eid celebrations marking the end of fasting, Rasheed hosts male guests. Mariam is undisturbed by being sent upstairs during these events as Rasheed wishes to safeguard her honor. While tidying Rasheed's room, Mariam stumbles upon a gun and adult magazines, leaving her feeling shocked and bewildered. She also finds photographs of Rasheed's deceased wife and son, causing her to mourn for his loss. She holds onto the hope of forging a stronger connection with Rasheed.

chapter 13

Once Mariam's pregnancy is verified by a medical practitioner, Rasheed begins to anticipate the arrival of the baby by transforming their residential setup. They mark this occasion with joy among Rasheed's kin and companions. Mariam is filled with affection for her unborn child and seeks Allah's favor to let her retain this precious gift. Rasheed proposes that Mariam takes a trip to a public bathhouse. Despite the warm and soothing environment, Mariam feels discomfort due to the unfamiliar faces around her. She crosses paths with Fariba, who discovers Mariam weeping in solitude, with evidence of blood nearby. Post this incident, Rasheed rushes her to the medical practitioner, who confirms the tragic loss of the baby. On reaching home, Rasheed covers Mariam with a blanket, expressing his displeasure towards the doctor who justified the miscarriage as a divine decree. As Mariam gazes at the snowfall, she is reminded of her own mother.

chapter 14

Mariam's sorrow manifests in various ways such as jealousy, regret, and rage. Occasionally, she holds Rasheed responsible for prematurely celebrating, while at other times she blames herself or Allah. Rasheed becomes moody, constantly berating Mariam and ceasing to present her with gifts. One evening, Mariam proposes to Rasheed that they hold a funeral for their child. Jalil declines, having already experienced the loss of another child. Later in the week, Mariam interred the infant's coat in their yard and said prayers over the makeshift grave, asking Allah to provide her with strength.

chapter 15

As Mariam celebrates her nineteenth birthday in 1978, Afghanistan is awash with political turbulence. When she attempts to discuss the rising communist influence in the Afghan regime with Rasheed, he rebuffs her inquiries. Mocking her for her lack of knowledge, he derogatorily claims that she possesses the intellect of a child. Rasheed's disdain for Mariam isn't limited to verbal abuse. Mariam suffers through multiple miscarriages and increasingly violent beatings from Rasheed. In April, military planes fly over their home accompanied by loud explosions. Switching on the radio, they anxiously await news about the disturbances. After a few tense days, they discover that the government has been toppled by Afghan communists who executed the president. The new leadership affirms its commitment to uphold Islamic and democratic principles. Initially, Rasheed seems positive about these changes, expecting them to work in his favor. His optimism, however, is short-lived. Soon enough, he starts finding faults in Mariam's cooking. His disappointment culminates one night when he forces Mariam to chew pebbles because of undercooked rice.

chapter 16

Laila, daughter of Fariba and Hakim, is born in the midst of the April 1978 communist revolution. By 1987, she and her friend Tariq share a deep bond, but he temporarily leaves Kabul to visit his uncle. Fariba, Laila's mother or "Mammy", playfully teases her for missing Tariq, a boy with a physical disability. Laila sympathizes with her father, an academic, who often faces Fariba's wrath for not tending to the house. Once, Fariba was smitten by Hakim's gentle and scholarly disposition. Hakim, or "Babi" to Laila, encouraged her to prioritize education over early marriage. Laila's teacher and classmates are not required to cover themselves, a symbol of gender equality under the communist regime. They study about the Soviet Union, hailed as the world's happiest nation, and are urged to report any potential adult dissenters. When Mammy fails to pick her up after school, Laila walks home with her older friends, Hasina and Giti, who tease her about her feelings for Tariq. Alone later, she is unaware of an older man near Rasheed the shoemaker's house until the boy, Khadim, threatens her with his gun.

chapter 17

Khadim, an eleven-year-old boy, harasses Laila in Tariq's absence, nicknaming her "Yellow Hair" and claiming he'll wed her someday. One day, he sprays Laila with a water gun filled with urine, prompting onlooking boys to jeer. After enduring this humiliation, Laila rushes home, washes her hair multiple times to get rid of the stench and seeks comfort in her mother's room. Her mother, Mammy, alternates between good and bad days due to her sons' involvement in the Afghani anti-communist resistance. Today, she is in a low mood, with all curtains shut and herself tucked away in blankets. Upon hearing about Khadim's antics, Mammy considers having a word with his mother. Laila then queries her mother about forgetting to pick her up from school, to which Mammy apologizes and reassures Laila it wouldn't happen the next day. Meanwhile, Babi recites a poem on Kabul as he organizes his books.

chapter 18

After several weeks, Laila is anxious because Tariq hasn't returned from his journey. However, she spots a familiar light flickering in his bedroom, signalling his return. She visits him the next day and is warmly greeted by his parents who affectionately consider her their "daughter-in-law". During a trip to the bus stop, Laila and Tariq encounter Khadim. Although she hadn't intended to, Laila spills the beans about Khadim's actions. Tariq reacts fiercely, attacking Khadim using his artificial leg, ensuring he wouldn't bother Laila again. That evening, while Laila is studying with Babi's assistance, an unexpected knock at the door interrupts them.

chapter 19

A man in uniform arrives to have a word with Laila's parents, causing a scene as Mammy breaks down in tears. The following day, the local women visit Laila’s home to assist with the mourning rituals. Among the visitors is Mariam, the cobbler's spouse, who comes to offer condolences. Despite executing her responsibilities as a child, Laila struggles to connect with her mother's sorrow. She has no personal recollections of her brothers, Ahmad and Noor, and views them more as mythical figures than as siblings. In her eyes, Tariq is the one she regards as a brother.

chapter 20

Mammy barely leaves her bed, with Laila taking on the roles of caretaker and homemaker. Mammy's sole respite from her sorrow is recounting stories of her sons' heroism, even mentioning that Commander Ahmad Shah Massoud prayed over their bodies. Concerned for her mother's safety, Laila attempts to remove harmful items from their home. Unable to locate Babi's razors, she shares her fears with her father, who offers no assistance. Mammy admits to considering suicide upon learning of her sons’ demise. However, she desires to witness their mission accomplished - the removal of Soviets from Kabul.

chapter 21

Babi embarks on a journey with Laila and Tariq, using the trip to educate them on their country's history of invasions. Their destination is revealed to be the Bamiyan Valley, where Babi motivates them to ascend the Buddha statues alongside him. He shares that the region used to be a hub for Buddhism until it fell under Islamic control. In a private moment with Laila, Babi confesses that his mourning for her brothers differs from Mammy's. He reveals his aspiration of moving the family to America, a notion Laila realizes Mammy will not entertain, as she is committed to her sons' cause and won't abandon Afghanistan until it gains freedom. Laila, for her part, holds back from telling Babi that she wouldn't wish to leave Afghanistan either, especially if it meant leaving Tariq behind. Some months later, Babi announces that a peace treaty has been struck in Geneva between communist Russia and the Afghan government, signaling the Soviets' impending departure from Afghanistan. Mammy, however, declines to rejoice prematurely.

chapter 22

At the dawn of 1989, Laila's family and Tariq witness the final departure of the Soviets from their city. Tariq, who recently lost his uncle and whose father suffered a heart attack, is recovering from his personal tragedies. He and Laila attend a movie together where, during a scene of marital bliss, Tariq mentions he has no plans of ever tying the knot. Laila, internally crushed, concurs. As the film couple indulges in a passionate kiss, Laila realizes she and Tariq are observing one another. Intrigued, she ponders how it would feel to share a kiss with Tariq. Emerging into the evening from the cinema, Laila feels a sense of relief knowing she won't have to confront Tariq's stare under the bright daylight.

chapter 23

By April 1992, when Laila turns fourteen, the Soviet Union is disintegrating with countries like Lithuania, Estonia, and Ukraine claiming independence. The defeat of the communist regime in Afghanistan has led the soldiers back home, including those who fought with Ahmad and Noor. Mammy's mood lightens, and she ditches her mourning attire for brighter colors. She orchestrates a neighborhood party and cautions Laila to protect her reputation when it comes to Tariq. Although a bit irked, Laila comprehends her mother's concern. Her emotions for Tariq have intensified, and even neighborhood residents, like Rasheed, tease them about their closeness. During the party, Laila discovers that her pal Giti is soon to marry, while their mutual friend, Hasina, has already tied the knot and relocated to Germany. Laila tries to reign in her feelings for Tariq in front of her mother, but can't resist accompanying him when he invites her to step out of the party. She chides him about his smoking habits, but Tariq remains nonchalant, believing that it makes him more appealing to girls. He admits to enjoying the rumors about him and Laila, assuring her that she's the only one he's interested in. Their intimate chat is abruptly interrupted, however, by the sounds of a brawl at the party.

chapter 24

The new national leadership council is embroiled in disputes, pushing Kabul back into conflict. Laila and her family are subjected to nightly terror as rockets rain down on the city. Each blast that spares their home also presents the chilling possibility of killing Tariq, Laila's friend. The armed conflict briefly pauses for morning prayer before continuing. Tariq, armed with a gun bought to safeguard Laila, accompanies her everywhere as the city's landscape constantly changes under different warlords' control. Despite her aversion to guns, Laila appreciates Tariq's gallantry. She embraces Tariq's affection and disregards societal norms as their bond deepens into romance. The clash between the Pashtun and Hazara factions in West Kabul has escalated and become barbaric, with kidnappings, sexual assaults, and public hangings becoming routine. Laila's parents, Babi and Mammy, quarrel about leaving Kabul, but Mammy is adamant about staying. Fearing for Laila's wellbeing, Babi withdraws her from school. The loss of Laila's friend Giti hits her harder than the death of her barely known brothers.

chapter 25

Tariq discloses to Laila in August that his family must depart Afghanistan due to his father's weakening heart and his mother's advancing age. Laila, overcome with anger, strikes Tariq, but he tries to soothe her, leading to intimate relations between them which leaves Laila feeling guilty. Tariq proposes leaving Afghanistan together and even expresses his willingness to ask for Laila’s hand in marriage from Hakim. However, Laila declines his offer as she is unable to abandon her parents who refuse to leave Afghanistan. She finally ends the conversation by shutting her door on Tariq, but he continues to plea with her from the other side.

chapter 26

As the warfare inches closer, Babi and Mammy persist in their conversations about escaping Kabul. Two weeks have passed since Tariq's departure, and Laila's heartache is slowly subsiding. She struggles with reconciling her feelings about their shared romantic moment as her upbringing condemns premarital intimacy as sinful. However, she recalls their time together as something beautiful and right, memories which stay with her for years. When Babi informs Laila that Mammy has finally agreed to vacate Kabul, Laila faces mixed feelings about the timing but anticipates the prospect of crossing paths with Tariq's family in Peshawar. As they gear up to leave, Laila gets lost in dreams of a reunion with Tariq. Her fantasies are abruptly shattered by screams and an explosion, which hurls her against a wall and causes her to black out.

chapter 27

Rashid and Mariam rescue Laila from the debris, tending to her injuries. Laila suffers from a hearing loss in her left ear following the tragic incident that claimed her parents' lives. Mariam takes care of Laila, providing her with pain medication and cleaning up after her frequent vomiting. Gradually, Laila's health starts to get better. Hearing Laila express guilt for surviving the explosion, Mariam is reminded of her own feelings of guilt over Nana's demise. A month after losing her parents, Laila is visited by a man named Abdul Sharif, whom she claims to not know.

chapter 28

Abdul Sharif, having journeyed from a Peshawar hospital, divulges to Laila an unfortunate tale about her friend, Tariq. A rocket had struck Tariq's transport to the Peshawar border, causing him severe injuries. Abdul Sharif, who was also unwell, happened to be the occupant of the neighboring bed in the hospital. Tariq was now lacking his other leg and was battling for his life. The men exchanged personal accounts during their stay, with Tariq often mentioning Laila. He requested Abdul Sharif to look in on her upon his return to Kabul. However, Abdul Sharif was alerted one night by a disturbance around Tariq's bed. When morning came, Tariq was nowhere to be found. Learning of Tariq’s demise sent Laila spiraling back to the moment she was informed of her brothers, Ahmad and Noor’s passing. Laila couldn't help but think that this might be retribution for her inadequate mourning of her brothers.

chapter 29

Mariam is increasingly worried Rasheed plans to propose to Laila. She pleads with Rasheed not to go through with it, pointing out Laila's young age of only fourteen. However, Rasheed insists, saying he can't continue providing for Laila without marriage. According to him, Laila can either leave and risk danger or work in a brothel if she doesn't want to help around the house. Mariam, having no choice, brings Rasheed's proposition to Laila that very night. To Mariam's surprise, Laila agrees immediately, without waiting for daybreak.

chapter 30

Rasheed and Laila arrange their future together. When Laila grows restless, Rasheed responds violently. Laila initially wanted to depart for Peshawar prior to Abdul Sharif's arrival, but her plans change. She is in the early stages of her pregnancy, and must be married to Rasheed to avoid arousing suspicion. The wedding ritual is concluded, and the newlyweds spend their first night as a couple. After assuring that Rasheed is asleep, Laila uses her own blood to stain the sheets, a gesture to validate her virginity.

chapter 31

Mariam manages to steer clear of Laila throughout the day. However, Rasheed mandates a joint family dinner, where he dominates the quiet mealtime with his derogatory remarks. He insults Mariam, calling her a harami, a term that still stings her even in her thirties. Rasheed further maligns Laila's parents for their perceived leniency. He forbids Laila from leaving home unattended and instructs her to wear a burka in public. The women are warned against any missteps, with Mariam being entrusted with the task of ensuring Laila's compliance. When it is just the two of them, Laila cautiously initiates a conversation with Mariam. Memories flood back to Mariam of a young Laila playing in their neighborhood. Laila wants to discuss Rasheed's words. Mariam, however, tells Laila that she must start pulling her weight in the house; Mariam refuses to be a maid in her own home. Laila apologizes and attempts to express gratitude for Mariam's care. Mariam retorts that she wouldn't have helped had she known Laila was to become Rasheed's wife. Laila is reduced to tears, but Mariam remains firm, assigning her half of the housework.

chapter 32

Laila discloses her pregnancy to Rasheed, who hopes for a son. At dinner, Rasheed shares the news with Mariam, causing her visible distress, noted by Laila. Laila attempts to create a connection with Mariam, but Mariam is only concerned about the potential impact on Laila's household contributions. Laila holds on to the belief that Mariam and the baby are the only innocents. The conflict in Kabul persists, but Rasheed assures Laila of her safety. As 1992 turns cold, Mariam becomes increasingly antagonistic towards Laila. Laila conceals her initial disagreement with Mariam from Rasheed, which stemmed from an accusation of Laila hiding a kitchen utensil. Exchanges between them soon turned bitter and Laila withdrew to her room. During the night, she experiences the baby's first movements.

chapter 33

Mariam observes as Rasheed escorts Laila to the hospital. When he returns, his temperament is altered. He neglects to assist Laila with the newborn, displeased that his hopes for a son have been dashed. Rasheed grows quickly irritated with the infant's constant crying and blames Mariam for not stepping in, despite her inexperience with children. Mariam feels sympathy for Laila and appreciates her evolving into maternal responsibilities. During a heated dispute with Laila, Rasheed's fury redirects onto Mariam. He believes Mariam has turned Laila against him as Laila refuses to share his bed. Laila intervenes, pleading with him not to harm Mariam. Later at night, Mariam discovers Laila sleeping on the kitchen floor. Upon noticing the baby is awake, she cradles her until she drifts off to sleep. Mariam remains awake until dawn, the child comfortably asleep in her arms.

chapter 34

Laila cherishes the moments she spends with Aziza, her daughter, and is careful to discuss Aziza's real father only when Rasheed isn't around. This behavior fuels Rasheed's suspicion, who then questions Laila about her connection with Tariq, reminding her of the rumors he's heard. One day, Laila finds a pile of baby clothes outside her room. She expresses gratitude to Mariam for the surprise present, leading them to a conversation about cooking. Grateful for Laila's support the previous night, Mariam warns Laila that she will soon become accustomed to the violence, just like herself, predicting that Rasheed's wrath will eventually be directed at Laila too. They resume their chores and prepare tea, and Laila realizes that Mariam is no longer hostile towards her.

chapter 35

Mariam and Laila form a strong bond, with Mariam growing affectionate towards Laila’s daughter Aziza, marking the first sincere relationship she has experienced. Kabul’s situation worsens, forcing Rasheed to remain indoors as violence escalates. He exhibits his aggression, shooting his gun outside their house and intimidating anyone who attempts intrusion. He also rebuffs Aziza’s attempts to be close to him. Mariam, while caring for the child with Laila, shares her past with Laila, recounting her early marriage to Rasheed, the miscarriages, and the transformation of his temperament. In turn, Laila reveals that Rasheed is not Aziza's father and confesses her secret thefts from Rasheed’s purse since Aziza was born. She shares her plan to escape Kabul with Aziza, inviting Mariam to join them. Mariam reflects on her turbulent past three years in Kabul, contemplating the risks of love, and wonders if it's God’s plan for her to start afresh with the two people she cherishes.

chapter 36

Mariam and Laila plan to escape, needing a man for cover due to societal restrictions. They receive help from a man for their bus tickets and manage to travel with his family. However, they are intercepted by guards and taken to the police. Each of them face separate interrogations, during which Laila is reminded of the illegality of their runaway plan. She tries to justify their actions by explaining Rasheed's abusive behavior, but the officer dismisses it as a private matter. After being returned home, they are punished by Rasheed. He beats Laila, locks her and Aziza in a room, and then turns his fury on Mariam, locking her in a shed afterwards. Laila, filled with worry for Mariam and her child, pleads with Rasheed for water for Aziza. She continuously watches Aziza for signs of life. At last, Rasheed opens the door and threatens to murder Mariam, then Aziza and finally Laila if they attempt to escape again. As a final act, he kicks Laila before departing.

chapter 37

By 1994, the Taliban, comprised of Pashtu refugees, assumed control over Kandahar. Fast forward to two years later, they infiltrated Kabul. Rasheed brought his family to a public gathering at the Pashtunistan Square where two siblings were executed for their communist beliefs and infidelity. Following that, the city was blanketed with new mandates, Shari’a law. Rasheed expressed satisfaction as his personal rules for his wives were formalized into law, with death as the penalty for any violations.

chapter 38

Laila is relieved her father can't witness Kabul's transformation. With the university closed, entertainment venues destroyed, and all books except the Koran burnt, she is horrified. Rasheed's enjoyment over the ongoing punishments and executions repulses her. His only response to her disgust is threatening her. He's aware that Aziza isn't his biological child, but he constantly reminds Laila that their survival is solely due to him. One day, Laila takes a spoke from a deserted bicycle, intending to perform an abortion. However, she finds herself incapable of ending a life, especially of an innocent like Aziza and Mariam.

chapter 39

Mariam rushes to get Laila to a hospital, recently delineated for treating only women. However, the hospital staff is overwhelmed, and throngs of people are pleading for medical attention. Laila requires surgical intervention, but the hospital is devoid of anesthesia. Mariam can't procure the necessary drugs due to time constraints, hence Laila has to endure a cesarean section without any anesthetics.

chapter 40

Zalmai, the son of Laila and Rasheed, is now two years old. Rasheed spoils him with costly presents like a TV, despite their financial struggles. To solve their money issues, Rasheed proposes to send Aziza, their daughter, to beg on the streets. Laila fiercely opposes this idea, hitting Rasheed. Later, Rasheed retaliates by shoving a gun in Laila's mouth. To prevent trouble from the Taliban, Laila and Mariam hide the new TV in a hole they dug in their yard.

chapter 41

Rasheed secures employment in a diner, but loses it shortly. He begins to peddle home goods, sparing only Zalmai from his physical outbursts. Fearing starvation as their food supply dwindles, Laila frets for her kids. However, Mariam schemes to solicit her father's assistance. They manage to use a satellite phone for five minutes, enabling Mariam to contact the mayor of her birthplace. She recalls denying Jalil entry when he came to see her in Kabul thirteen years earlier. On discovering Jalil passed away in 1987, Mariam comprehends he was attempting to bid her farewell.

chapter 42

The Bamiyan Buddhas are devastated by the Taliban, triggering Laila's memories of visiting the site with Tariq and Babi. In response to their dire circumstances, Laila and Mariam make the difficult decision to send Aziza to an orphanage, where they instruct her to lie about her father's passing. The head of the institution comforts a tearful Laila, attributing her desperate plight to the Taliban's reign. Despite the risks, Laila frequently visits Aziza, although Rasheed grows weary of her constant trips. On some occasions, Laila is intercepted and assaulted by Taliban soldiers. When she successfully evades them, she cherishes her time playing with Aziza. As Rasheed starts work as a doorman, he makes a promise to Laila that Aziza can return home once he has accumulated enough savings. One fateful day, Zalmai alerts them of a visitor. Recognizing the man at the door, Laila rushes into Tariq's embrace.

chapter 43

Mariam is upstairs with Zalmai, attempting to comprehend the recent events. Her suspicion about identifying a familiar face at Rasheed's workplace becomes a certainty. She's now convinced that the man is Abdul Sharif, and speculates that Rasheed must have bribed him to inform Laila about Tariq's supposed demise.

chapter 44

Tariq shares his story with Laila, explaining his life post-Kabul. He lost both his parents and spent some time behind bars. He's now unmarried and dwelling in Pakistan. He's already aware of the demise of Laila’s parents. Laila imparts Abdul Sharif’s message to him, and clumsily apologizes for her union with Rasheed. Tariq, however, understands her situation and holds no resentment. Laila then reveals Aziza's existence to Tariq, who pledges to come back, eager to meet his child. Meanwhile, Zalmai informs Rasheed about a man's visit to Laila.

chapter 45

As Rasheed brings Zalmai upstairs, Laila and Mariam brace themselves for his fury. Suddenly, Rasheed lashes out at Laila, beating her with his belt. Despite fighting back bravely, Laila finds herself with Rasheed's hands around her neck. Realizing the imminent danger Laila is in, Mariam ventures to the shed. She feels a surge of resolve; Rasheed has stolen her youth, but she won't allow him to claim Laila's life. With newfound strength, Mariam attacks Rasheed with a shovel, forcing him away from Laila. The memory of a gun she discovered in Rasheed's belongings flashes through her mind. Mariam strikes once more, clear in her intention - Rasheed must die.

chapter 46

Laila regains awareness after passing out due to limited air, finding Mariam with a shovel and Rasheed lifeless. They carry Rasheed's dead body to the shed. Mariam consoles Laila and they discuss their future with the kids and Tariq. Laila is disturbed by Mariam's expression when they say goodnight. When questioned about his dad by Zalmai, Laila states he's away. In the dawn, Mariam instructs Laila to see Aziza. Alarmed by Mariam's intentions, Laila objects. Despite their argument, Laila fails to prevent Mariam from solely accepting the responsibility for Rasheed's demise. Mariam requests Zalmai to deliver a kiss to Aziza on her behalf. Laila and Zalmai exit, leaving Mariam behind, never to see her again.

chapter 47

Mariam is held in the Walayat women's prison by the Taliban, who do not allow any visitors. She's in a cell with five women and four children, all of whom have been jailed for "running away." They're deprived of food. One inmate attempted to elope with the son of a mullah and got a five year sentence while the man was released. Mariam's trial, where she didn't have legal representation, lasted only fifteen minutes. She confessed to the murder of Rasheed. Despite explaining her actions as a means to protect Laila from Rasheed, her defense wasn't accepted as a woman's testimony needs to be backed by another party to be considered valid. The judge, an elderly man nearing death, understood Rasheed's violent nature. He pardoned Mariam but still had to condemn her to death. Mariam spends her final day observing children fish in the river from the prison window, a sight that brings back memories of fishing with her father. The next morning, Mariam is escorted to the stadium by a Taliban soldier. He acknowledges her fear as normal when she admits to being scared. Thousands of men are in the stands to see her execution. Mariam yearns for a life where she could have aged alongside Laila and seen Aziza and Zalmai grow up. Right before her death, Mariam seeks Allah's forgiveness in her final thoughts, citing the Koran.

chapter 48

Once they settle in Murree, Tariq and Laila tie the knot. Tariq gains employment at a hotel, with Laila aiding in tidying the rooms. Aziza is informed by Laila that Tariq is her biological dad and Laila assures her that Tariq will cause no harm nor abandon them. Laila is aware that Zalmai, who misses his father and holds a grudge against Tariq, will eventually overcome his pain about Rasheed's disappearance. Aziza suffers from bad dreams and Laila has visions of Mariam and their former residence in Kabul.

chapter 49

In September, Tariq informs Laila about Massoud's death. An uproar in their hotel lobby catches their attention, where a crowd is watching a plane crashing into the second tower of the World Trade Center on the television. As the days roll by, the U.S. President, George W. Bush, issues a war declaration on Afghanistan due to the Taliban's refusal to disclose the whereabouts of Osama bin Laden, the suspected orchestrator of the September 11th, 2001 attacks. Laila observes the daily bombings of her homeland by America. Tariq contemplates that this might not necessarily bad, to which Laila strongly objects. Having experienced the violence in Kabul firsthand after Tariq had fled, she understands his context but can't wish the fate of her parents on anyone.

chapter 50

By mid-2002, Afghanistan sees a shift in power as the Taliban is ousted from main cities and an interim president takes charge. Laila, who is content in Murree, expresses her wish to Tariq to return to Kabul. Their journey home involves a detour to Herat, where Laila leaves Tariq and their children at a local hotel, and travels to Gul Daman. Here, she finds the house of Mullah Faizullah, her old tutor, now deceased. She meets his son, Hamza, and shares with him the stories of Mariam’s experiences and her demise. Hamza reveals his father's sorrow when Jalil Khan married off Mariam. He takes Laila to the kolba where Mariam lived with Nana. Laila envisions Mariam's childhood and bids an emotional farewell. Before her departure, Hamza hands Laila a box entrusted by Jalil to Mullah Faizullah. The box contains a letter from Jalil to Mariam, a “Pinocchio” VHS, and a pouch. In his letter, Jalil conveys his remorse for his past actions towards Mariam and pleads for her forgiveness. He had sold his property and intended to give her the proceeds. The letter ends with Jalil’s wish for Mariam to visit him before his death. Laila reveals the contents of the box to Tariq, including the pouch filled with money. Overwhelmed, Laila breaks down in Tariq's arms.

chapter 51

As the Kabul River swells with rain, Laila observes her children reveling in the mud and water. Aziza turns ten and celebrates at the cinema. Each morning, Laila and Aziza rise at five for prayers in honor of Mariam. Laila longs for her parents to witness the transformed city. She and Tariq participate in the restoration of the orphanage, where Laila also instructs at the school. On her daily walks to the classroom with her children, some students affectionately refer to her as "Mother." Thoughts of Mariam frequently occupy Laila's mind, with Laila longing to know Mariam's final resting place. Laila expects another child, already knowing the name she'd give if the baby is a girl.

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"I would encourage people to read it because it gives you a sense of Afghanistan’s incredible history and the role women have played within that history" - Ann Miura-Ko

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"Excellent novel." - James Altucher

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