Tom Jones Summary

Description

Here you will find a Tom Jones summary (Henry Fielding's book).
We begin with a summary of the entire book, and then you can read each individual chapter's summary by visiting the links on the "Chapters" section.

P.S.: As an Amazon Associate, we earn money from purchases made through links in this page. But the summaries are totally free!

Last Updated: Monday 1 Jan, 2024

Chapters

Tom Jones Summary Overview

A respected country gentleman named Allworthy, residing in Somersetshire alongside his unmarried sister Bridget, discovers a baby boy in his bed upon his return from London. The baby's parents, identified as local woman Jenny Jones and her tutor, Mr. Partridge, are exiled from the community while Allworthy decides to raise the baby amidst societal disapproval. Bridget eventually marries Captain Blifil who is jealous of the foundling child, known as Tom Jones, as he wants his own son, Blifil, to inherit Allworthy's wealth. However, Captain Blifil unexpectedly dies while contemplating financial matters. Fast forwarding twelve years, Tom Jones and Blifil, though raised together, experiences contrasting attitudes from those around them. Allworthy is the only one who demonstrates persistent affection towards Tom while the others prefer Blifil due to his piety and Tom's rebellious nature. Tom's kindness towards the household’s servants earns him the admiration of the locals, while Blifil is criticized for his deceitful nature. Tom eventually falls in love with Sophia Western, the daughter of Squire Western, Allworthy's neighbor, after his relationship with Molly Seagrim, another love interest, ends due to her infidelity. Allworthy becomes seriously ill, necessitating the presence of his family and friends. Disappointment ensues upon the reading of his will, promising most of his estate to Blifil. However, following the unexpected death of Bridget Allworthy and an assurance of Allworthy's recovery, Tom is banished from the county by Allworthy due to Blifil's false accusations. Tom, after wandering and having a brief affair with a woman he rescued, ends up in London where he is reunited with Sophia. In the final twist, the woman Tom had an affair with is revealed to be his mother, Jenny Jones. With Allworthy's health recovered, he and Tom reconcile, and Tom is revealed as his nephew. Subsequently, Tom marries Sophia, and they live happily, sharing their prosperity with those around them.

book 1 chapter 1

The storyteller likens himself to a chef, his work to a "Feast," and the reader as his customer. The reader has to pay for what they consume— the book. The storyteller urges the reader to ponder the menu, which he swears to bring up in the form of an opening sentence at the start of each part and chapter. The main dish is "human nature," a subject frequently exploited in low-cost literature, though it has been crudely tossed around in stall-bound "Romances, Novels, Plays and Poems." The quality may vary depending on the "Cookery of the Author." The storyteller plans to follow the cooking style of Heliogabalus, a Roman emperor who began his guests with basic food, gradually bringing them to more refined delicacies. After serving his simple meal of rural characters, the storyteller will offer the reader the "high French and Italian Seasoning of Affectation and Vice which Courts and Cities afford."

book 1 chapter 2

Mr. Allworthy, a handsome, healthy, intelligent and generous man, resides in the western part of England. He owns one of the wealthiest properties in Somersetshire. His beautiful and virtuous wife, along with their three infant children, died five years prior to the start of this tale. Despite his loss, Allworthy regards himself as a married man, earning admiration from his neighbors. He shares his home with his only sibling, his dear sister, Miss Bridget Allworthy. She is labelled an "old Maid" as she is thirty and unmarried. Miss Bridget is deemed as one of the "very good sort of Women," a term used by women to describe other women lacking physical beauty.

book 1 chapter 3

While it may seem that Allworthy's life is filled with nothing but good deeds based on the prior chapter, the narrator assures us this isn't so. After all, a story about constant benevolence would hardly be worth the effort of such an extended narrative. Those interested in such content can instead turn to dull volumes like The History of England. Returning from London, a weary Allworthy finds an unexpected surprise in his bed—a sleeping infant boy, swathed in linen. Despite the shock, the sight of the beautiful child stirs compassion in Allworthy. He quickly summons his longtime servant, Mrs. Deborah Wilkins, but finds her preoccupied with her appearance despite the urgency. Upon arrival, Mrs. Deborah is taken aback to see Allworthy only in his nightshirt, having forgotten to dress in his haste. After a lengthy lecture about loose women, whom she labels "wicked Sluts", she suggests leaving the child at the church's doorstep. However, during her tirade, the baby tightly grips Allworthy's finger, winning his affection immediately. Allworthy instructs Mrs. Deborah to care for the baby, provide him food and find suitable clothing for the child the following day. The once critical Mrs. Deborah now refers to the child as a "sweet little Infant", cradling him in her arms before whisking him away.

book 1 chapter 4

Allworthy's manor, positioned on a hill below ancient oaks, overlooks extensive fields, forests, and the ocean. On a sunny May morning, he ponders on how he can best serve God by helping His creatures as he absorbs this landscape. At the breakfast table, he tells Miss Bridget he has a surprise for her. She anticipates a dress or some shiny trinket. Her astonishment is profound when she is presented with the infant boy Allworthy discovered in his bed the previous night. Despite harshly criticizing the unknown mother, Miss Bridget displays a touch of kindness towards the baby. The house's female staff members are scrutinized but Mrs. Wilkins clears them all. She is tasked with examining the women in the parish. At Allworthy's plea, Miss Bridget consents to look after the child.

book 1 chapter 5

After Allworthy leaves, Mrs. Deborah anticipates opposing instructions from Miss Bridget, aware their views often diverge when separate. Observing the infant peacefully resting in Mrs. Deborah's hold, Miss Bridget finds herself unable to resist showering it with affection and compliments. She commences arranging the child's necessary supplies and assigns a top-tier room as the nursery. Despite this, she doesn't miss the chance to throw a subtle jibe at her brother, ridiculing him for encouraging immorality by taking in "the little Brat."

book 1 chapter 6

Rushing to find the infant's mother, Mrs. Deborah heads to the parish. Her usual harsh treatment of the local people is no secret, making her visits unwelcome. However, there is one elderly lady, just as ageing and unattractive as Mrs. Deborah, who harbours less resentment towards her. The duo engage in gossip, eventually pointing fingers at Jenny Jones. Jenny, though plain, possesses an "Understanding" acquired through education. She serves a schoolmaster and has learned Latin from him, making her as knowledgeable as "most of the young Men of Quality of the Age." Yet, her intelligence and the pride that comes with it has made her a target of jealousy. Additionally, having recently cared for Miss Bridget at Allworthy's house during an illness, she is suspected by Mrs. Wilkins, Allworthy's housekeeper, to be the mother of the abandoned child. Confronted by Mrs. Deborah, who labels her a shameless woman, Jenny admits to being the infant's mother. Despite her visible guilt, Mrs. Deborah continues to berate her, egged on by a group of village women. Mr. Allworthy, informed of Jenny's guilt, is taken aback as he had planned to secure a good future for Jenny due to her diligent academic pursuits. Miss Bridget is then tasked with bringing Jenny to meet Allworthy.

book 1 chapter 7

Jenny has a conversation with Allworthy in his study, where he passionately discusses the crime committed by a woman when she loses her purity. Allworthy warns Jenny that the temptation of transient pleasure often overpowers rationality, leading to severe consequences resulting from uncontrolled passion. He contends that a woman cannot justify her actions by blaming it on love, as no man who genuinely loves a woman would treat her disrespectfully. However, Allworthy also commends Jenny for not deserting her baby, which some heartless mothers may have done. He acknowledges her decision to entrust the child to him. Allworthy, wanting to know the father of the child, is met with Jenny's refusal, stating that she is "under the most solemn Ties and Engagements of Honour, as well as the most religious Vows and Protestations" to keep the father's identity a secret. Allworthy clarifies that his intention isn't driven by curiosity, but a need to know who he should refrain from helping in the future. Jenny convinces Allworthy that the father is "entirely out of his Reach." Respecting Jenny's request, Allworthy agrees to keep the father's identity a secret and advises her to seek God’s forgiveness.

book 1 chapter 8

Having eavesdropped on Allworthy and Jenny's discussion, Miss Bridget and Mrs. Deborah share their thoughts. Mrs. Deborah is first to comment, criticizing Allworthy for his leniency towards Jenny. She confidently asserts she would've demanded the identity of the child's father if in his place. Miss Bridget, unusually smiling, disagrees with Mrs. Deborah. She commends Jenny for admitting her wrongdoing and hypocritically criticizes Mrs. Deborah for being intrusive. Mrs. Deborah promptly withdraws her initial comments, once her mistress voices her opinion. They seem to empathize with Jenny, identifying with her lack of beauty. The exchange concludes with them collectively condemning beauty and expressing sympathy for 'plain girls' deceived by dishonest men.

book 1 chapter 9

Upon discovering that Allworthy did not send Jenny to a correctional facility but merely expelled her from the parish, the locals pour out their scorn onto her. However, as Jenny is out of their reach, they switch their negativity towards Allworthy. They start circulating gossip that he is the actual father. The narrator, however, assures the reader that, "Mr. Allworthy was, and will hereafter appear to be, absolutely innocent of any criminal Intention whatever."

book 1 chapter 10

Allworthy, a man who esteems "Men of Merit" and "Men of Genius and Learning," is known for his hospitality. He lets his guests do as they please, making him a popular host. One of his guests, Dr. Blifil, has earned Allworthy's sympathy because he was forced into a medical career, or "Physic," by his father, a choice that Allworthy regards as a misfortune due to the "Folly or Villainy of others." Despite his distaste for his job, Dr. Blifil rarely practices, hence he is not wealthy. However, his strong religious character, or "great Appearance of Religion," attracts Miss Bridget and they bond over shared religious beliefs. The narrator isn't shocked by this romantic development, commenting that "Sympathies of all Kinds are apt to beget Love; so Experience teaches us that none have a more direct Tendency this Way than those of a religious Kind between Persons of different Sexes." However, there's a hitch - Dr. Blifil is already married. His solution is to introduce his brother to Miss Bridget, despite not being particularly fond of him. The narrator wonders if Dr. Blifil's motives are malicious, or if he desires to profit from the match, or yearns for social elevation through his brother's potential marriage. Upon receiving his brother's message, Captain Blifil, Dr. Blifil's brother, promptly arrives at Allworthy's estate. Aged thirty-five, the Captain has a sturdy build and a noticeable scar. Although gruff, he isn't devoid of polish or wit. Originally intended for the priesthood by his father, he chose a military path instead when his father passed away before he was ordained. A disagreement with his superior resulted in his resignation, and he has since been studying the Bible in seclusion. Within a week of his arrival at Allworthy's, Captain Blifil impresses Miss Bridget with his saintly character, thus bringing his brother's plan to fruition.

book 1 chapter 11

Miss Bridget starts to have feelings for Captain Blifil, despite his unattractive appearance, which is believed to be due to her desire for depth and substance. Similarly, Bridget isn't exactly a beauty, leading the narrator to skip describing her, stating that the renowned Mr. Hogarth had already done so. Once Bridget's affection becomes apparent to the Captain, he reciprocates, although his real interest lies in Mr. Allworthy's wealth. Fearing that Allworthy might disapprove of his poorer self courting his sister, the Captain keeps their relationship under wraps. He proposes, gets turned down twice, but eventually, Miss Bridget accepts.

book 1 chapter 12

Dr. Blifil has taken it upon himself to disclose the marriage of himself and Miss Bridget to Mr. Allworthy. He finds Allworthy in the garden and gives him a harsh speech about the selfish nature of men and the dissoluteness of women. However, Allworthy already knew about his sister's wedding and fully backs it despite Captain Blifil's financial issues. Allworthy interrupts Dr. Blifil's speech with his heavenly views regarding love as the foundation of marriage. He doesn't suggest that physical appeal and economic factors be completely ignored, but he asserts that they shouldn't be the only pillars of wedlock.

book 1 chapter 13

Dr. Blifil confides in his brother about how he feigned anger to dispel any doubts Allworthy could harbor that Dr. Blifil orchestrated the marriage. The narrator points out that the Captain will exploit this revelation down the line. With Miss Bridget and her wealth under his control, the Captain now shows unabashed contempt for his sibling. This attitude is so apparent that even Allworthy notices it, prompting the Captain to admit that he can't pardon his brother's previous wrong. Despite Allworthy's strong opposition to his unforgiving stance, the Captain only pretends to harbor good feelings for his brother publicly, while privately, his scorn remains. When Dr. Blifil tries to reason with him, the Captain rudely instructs him to leave the house. The narrator insinuates that Dr. Blifil is hiding some past guilt and tolerates his brother's conduct to prevent his secret from being exposed to Allworthy. The Captain, who is arrogant and aggressive, has always been irked by his brother's intellectual prowess. The narrator ends by stating that the intertwining of envy, scorn, and obligation often incites anger rather than appreciation. Unable to tolerate his brother's torment anymore, Dr. Blifil leaves for London, where he succumbs to heartbreak.

book 2 chapter 1

The narrator proclaims that this story will be unique, selecting meticulously where to invest its "Pains" and "Paper." Comparing to a lottery, he says he'll spotlight the rewards, not the misses. Claiming to be "the Founder of a new Province of Writing," he affirms his right to follow self-made rules that must be honored by readers. He trusts that readers will acknowledge his power, but pledges not to rule harshly or treat them as subordinates.

book 2 chapter 2

Nearly three-quarters of a year after the marriage of Miss Bridget and Captain Blifil, a son is born to them. Mr. Allworthy, while pleased his sister has yielded an heir, remains fond of the abandoned child he named Thomas, or Tom. He continues to visit the infant daily, and ensures the two children will be raised together. Bridget hesitates but eventually consents, while her husband protests citing biblical passages about illegitimate children's unworthiness. However, Allworthy refutes this with his own biblical quotations, arguing children are born devoid of sin and shouldn't bear their parent's guilt. Captain Blifil's true issue is his jealousy of Allworthy's fondness for Tom. Meanwhile, Bridget publicly appears sweet-natured, but privately berates Allworthy and Tom. Mrs. Deborah, it is revealed in the conclusion, has identified Tom's scoundrel father.

book 2 chapter 3

The story delves into the past of Tom's mother, Jenny Jones, in relation to schoolmaster Mr. Partridge. Despite being in a childless, nine-year-long marriage, Partridge hasn't provided his prickly wife any "Pledges of Love," or children, leading her to fear his fidelity. She deliberately selects unattractive maidservants, like Jenny, to lessen the likelihood of an affair. However, Jenny is given the freedom to study under Mr. Partridge, which stirs suspicion in Mrs. Partridge. One particular incident where Jenny abruptly stops reading when Mrs. Partridge walks past fuels her suspicion of an illicit relationship. The final straw comes when Jenny reacts to a Latin request from Partridge at dinner, causing Mrs. Partridge to see red. She threatens them with a knife, but Jenny manages to escape while Partridge sits frozen in fear. That night, Jenny is thrown out, and despite her protests of innocence, Partridge doesn't stand up for her. Instead, he gets back into his wife's good books by showing affection. Secretly, Partridge is relieved about Jenny's departure as she was surpassing his intellectual capabilities.

book 2 chapter 4

Once indifferent, Mrs. Partridge showers her spouse with love. Yet, the author cautions this is just a brief respite. Town gossip reveals Jenny has had another illegitimate child, and as the timeline suggests Mr. Partridge might be involved, his wife assumes he's the father. Furious, she rushes home and violently confronts him, leaving him bloodied. He tries to calm her but she's uncontrollable. Her headgear falls off and the "stays" of her dress crack open, revealing her chest. Terrified, Mr. Partridge pleads for help in the street. A group of women come to his aid. Mrs. Partridge badmouths her husband, blaming him for her dishevelment and assault. Mr. Partridge, his face marked with scratches, is left shell-shocked. The townswomen, interpreting his silence as an admission, berate him for his audacity.

book 2 chapter 5

Gossip swirls in Little Baddington regarding Partridge's alleged abuse of his wife. The cause of his actions is disputed, with some blaming an affair on his part, and others pointing fingers at Mrs. Partridge. Mrs. Wilkins, eager to win Captain Blifil's favor, stirs the pot by sharing the rumor that Partridge is Tom's father. Instead of being grateful, Captain Blifil distances himself from Mrs. Wilkins, wary of her potential to exploit their association. Mrs. Wilkins refrains from sharing her knowledge with either Mr. Allworthy or Mrs. Blifil, her former friend. Her friendship with Mrs. Blifil has cooled due to their opposing views on Tom. Meanwhile, Captain Blifil and Allworthy engage in a philosophical debate regarding the definition of "Charity". Captain Blifil holds that it doesn't necessarily involve the exchange of money, unlike Allworthy's understanding. At the debate's end, Captain Blifil discloses the information about Partridge being Tom's father. Upon hearing this, Allworthy calls in Mrs. Wilkins to confirm the news, which she does. Captain Blifil then urges Allworthy to show leniency towards Partridge.

book 2 chapter 6

Allworthy is taken aback when he learns about Partridge's apparent wrongdoings, being the last one in the county to discover the circulating gossip. Tasked with uncovering proof, Mrs. Wilkins returns with a neighbor's words, taken as "confirmation" of the scandal. The accused couple, the Partridges, present their "Defence" to Allworthy. He first hears out Mrs. Partridge's account, followed by Mr. Partridge's denial of guilt. This triggers Mrs. Partridge to cry and hurl further allegations, claiming her husband's unfaithfulness with many women. The narrator brings up the common law, where a wife cannot testify for or against her spouse. Mr. Partridge tries to get Jenny to vouch for his innocence. However, a message arrives saying Jenny has eloped with a recruiter. Allworthy concludes that the word of "such a Slut" would be unreliable, thus Mrs. Partridge wins the case. Mr. Partridge loses his annuity and falls into a life of idleness and poverty. Shortly, Mrs. Partridge succumbs to smallpox and Mr. Partridge leaves the county.

book 2 chapter 7

Despite Captain Blifil's wishes, Allworthy's fondness for Tom continues to grow. Allworthy appears to be making amends for his harsh treatment of Partridge by showering Tom with affection. Captain Blifil, however, is disgruntled, fearing that Tom may pose a threat to his inheritance. The relationship between Captain Blifil and Bridget has quickly deteriorated from a passionate romance to loathing. Their beliefs greatly conflict, which was previously brushed under the rug by the Captain's willingness to side with Bridget even when he disagreed. Now, he has no qualms about demeaning her viewpoints. Yet, they remain married, deriving a perverse pleasure from their constant bickering, as the narrator muses. Allworthy senses the tension but fails to grasp the depth of their animosity. The couple attempts to hide their discord in Allworthy's presence. Despite Allworthy's virtuous nature, hints of the Captain's flaws might be seen by him. The narrator, however, justifies this as a natural response of a good friend who sees, but doesn't attempt to rectify, the other's shortcomings.

book 2 chapter 8

Contemplating his potential inheritance, Captain Blifil plans the enhancements he will bring to Allworthy's residence and gardens post Allworthy's demise. His greed leads him to scrutinize every accessible book on lifespan, helping him estimate the waiting period for Allworthy's death. On a lone evening stroll, engrossed in these thoughts, Captain Blifil unexpectedly succumbs to Apoplexy.

book 2 chapter 9

When Mr. Allworthy misses Captain Blifil at dinner, he instructs the bell to be rung and goes to search in the gardens. A dinner guest tries to soothe Bridget with comforting words and wine. Upon Allworthy's return, Bridget shrieks with dread, fearing her husband has been killed. A servant interrupts with the tragic news of the Captain's discovery. Two househelp carry the Captain's lifeless body inside, leading to Allworthy's tears and Bridget's unconsciousness from shock. Doctors Y. and Z. arrive, disagreeing over the cause of death. They protract their stay to increase their fee, even though Captain Blifil's death is beyond doubt. Bridget is confined to her bed for a month in mourning while Allworthy commissions a tribute to be written for the Captain's tomb.

book 3 chapter 1

The storyteller advises that he won't detail every moment in his tale, leaving room for readers to form their own judgments about the characters. He questions the need to delve into the depth of Allworthy's sorrow over Captain Blifil's demise or explain more about Mrs. Bridget Blifil's persona. The author dismisses this as catering to a lesser reader, expecting his audience, "the upper Graduates in Criticism," to have a higher understanding. Trusting in his readers' advanced intellectual ability, he allows them twelve years to fine-tune their discernment. Eagerly, he prepares to introduce the story's protagonist at age fourteen.

book 3 chapter 2

In this portion of the story, Tom Jones is portrayed as a mischievous lad with a penchant for theft. His recent thefts include snatching fruits from an orchard, a duck from a farmer, and a ball from the pocket of Master Blifil, the son of the late Captain Blifil. Contrarily, Master Blifil is the epitome of "Virtues" like sobriety, discretion, and piety, which make him an admired figure locally, while Tom is generally scorned. This tale presents Tom's close kinship with a servant’s family, specifically the gamekeeper's, to whom he gifts the items he steals. One day, Tom convinces the gamekeeper to trespass into Allworthy's neighbor's property violating Allworthy's instructions. They are caught while hunting a partridge. The gamekeeper hides, leaving Tom alone at the crime scene. The neighbor reports the incident to Allworthy, indicating that two people were involved due to two found guns. However, Tom insists he was alone, and the gamekeeper also feigns innocence. Consequently, Tom is punished by Mr. Thwackum, a reverend hired by Allworthy for Tom and Master Blifil's education. Allworthy later attempts to make amends by gifting Tom a small horse. The narrator foresees a forthcoming dinner involving Allworthy, Thwackum, and an unnamed gentleman.

book 3 chapter 3

Mr. Square is depicted as a resident at Allworthy's place. Despite his innate lack of intellect, he's educated himself and is thoroughly versed in classical philosophy. Square holds the view that men should always be theorists and he perceives virtue as a "Matter of Theory." Square and Thwackum, always in disagreement, share only one thing in common: they never bring up the notion of "Goodness" in their disputes. Square's contention is that virtue is intrinsic to human character, while Thwackum advocates for the doctrine of original sin. During a meal at Allworthy's, Square and Thwackum argue whether honour can exist without religion. As their argument escalates in anger and volume, an interruption occurs. However, the narrator holds back the details of the interruption until the following chapter.

book 3 chapter 4

The narrator pauses the tale to counter Square and Thwackum's viewpoints, advocating that they shouldn't overlook the "natural Goodness of Heart." A commotion at dinner ensues when Master Blifil appears with a bloody nose, courtesy of a brawl with Tom. Despite his smaller stature, Tom's boxing skills give him an edge, leaving Blifil with "Tears galloping from his Eyes." Tom confesses to hitting Blifil after being insulted with a slur - "Beggarly Bastard." However, Blifil denies having said such a thing and accuses Tom of dishonesty. Moreover, he uncovers that Tom's co-conspirator in the partridge case was Black George, the game-keeper. Tom requests Allworthy to spare Black George and his family, accepting complete responsibility for the transgression and admits to trespassing. Allworthy sends the boys off, encouraging them to foster a more cordial relationship moving forward.

book 3 chapter 5

Square and Thwackum, as expected, favor Blifil while criticizing Tom. Allworthy, however, doesn't allow Thwackum to punish Tom. Instead, he calls upon Black George and releases him from the Estate, providing a substantial farewell gift. Allworthy's stern action is due to his understanding that lying for self-preservation is far worse than lying for others. As news of the incident spreads, many people praise Allworthy’s decision, laud Tom as "a brave Lad," and label Blifil as a "sneaking Rascal." Blifil continuously pleases Square and Thwackum by endorsing their philosophies, and so remains silent around them due to their conflicting views. Despite his youth, Blifil has mastered "second-hand flattery" - commending Square and Thwackum to Allworthy, who naively passes on these praises to the men. Thwackum came to Allworthy's attention via a friend, and though Allworthy recognizes his flaws, he trusts Square to offset them. Square and Thwackum harbor dislike for Tom, who even the narrator concedes is "a thoughtless, giddy Youth, with little Sobriety in his Manners." Nevertheless, Allworthy permits Tom to address him as "father."

book 3 chapter 6

Square and Thwackum are both smitten with Bridget, despite her lack of youth or beauty. The narrator explains this attraction by suggesting men are naturally drawn to wealthy women at their friends' homes. The two men have learned the way to Bridget's heart is through showing affection for Blifil and disdain for Tom. Despite her flirtatious behavior with Square and Thwackum, Bridget isn't looking to remarry, she simply enjoys being flattered and courted. Square observes Bridget's lack of involvement in her son's upbringing, which he attributes to her lingering resentment towards Blifil over his father. Bridget, instead, seems to passionately implement Allworthy's plans for Tom's welfare. The community attributes Bridget's attention towards Tom as loyalty to her brother, but the narrator insinuates that the grown-up Tom might be turning into a woman's man. When the locals notice Bridget's affection for Tom, they label him as a "rival" against Square and Thwackum. Bridget seems to take pleasure in Tom's companionship.

book 3 chapter 7

Once Allworthy notices Bridget's preferential treatment for Tom over Blifil, he feels compelled to safeguard Blifil due to his deep sympathy for the disadvantaged. The storyteller advocates for carefulness and discretion, suggesting that internal virtue isn't sufficient, rather one's goodness should be visible externally as well. He likens himself to a "Chorus," applauding his own role.

book 3 chapter 8

Six months have elapsed since Tom sold the horse given to him by Allworthy. Thwackum, on not learning the fate of the money, readies to punish Tom. However, Allworthy intervenes and privately interrogates Tom. Tom labels Thwackum a "tyrannical Rascal," and is advised by Allworthy to refrain from such expressions. Tom then admits that he donated all of the money from the horse sale to Black George's family, who have been destitute since Allworthy sacked them. Tom's generosity moves Allworthy to tears.

book 3 chapter 9

Previously, Tom had traded his Bible, a gift from Allworthy, to Blifil. Making a show of reading it often around the house, Blifil's actions lead Thwackum to notice Tom's name inscribed in the book. Forced to narrate how he got it, Blifil reveals Tom's act. Thwackum reacts harshly, labeling it as sacrilegious. Yet, Square and Bridget Blifil don't share his viewpoint. Squire Western, who lives near Allworthy, comes over bearing more charges against Black George. During an evening stroll, Tom guides Allworthy and Blifil to Black George's home where the destitution of the family stirs Allworthy's sympathy. He gives Black George's wife some money for the kids' clothing. Back at the house, Tom advocates for them even more, securing Allworthy's pledge of support. Elated, Tom rushes in the rain to deliver the happy news. However, the narrator ominously hints at a looming reversal in Black George's luck.

book 3 chapter 10

Blifil stays silent around Tom, but shares a story about Black George once Tom exits. A year after Allworthy had fired Black George, his family was on the verge of starvation. In desperation, Black George killed a hare and sold it to a middleman who was later accused of poaching. To escape punishment, the middleman blamed Black George. Blifil, however, twists the truth, claiming Black George had poached multiple hares. Allworthy agrees to help Black George's family financially but does not wish to hear his name again. Tom tries to defend Black George by approaching Squire Western, with whom he has developed a bond due to their shared passion for outdoor sports. The Squire has grown fond of Tom and lends him his horses, dogs, and guns. Tom decides to present his case to the Squire's daughter, who is the "intended Heroine of this Work," but the narrator decides it's improper to introduce her at the end of a book. The narrator confesses he's in love with her and expects readers will also be smitten by the end of the novel.

book 4 chapter 1

The storyteller insists that sincerity sets his tale apart, but he doesn't desire a narrative so dull that it requires a round of drinks to endure. As the female protagonist is to be revealed in the next section, the storyteller reviews various ways other writers have introduced their heroes. He admires the tragic poets' techniques of introducing their heroes with drum rolls and their love interests with gentle tunes. He expresses his goal: "Our Intention, in short, is to introduce our Heroine with the utmost Solemnity in our Power, with an Elevation of Stile, and all other Circumstances proper to raise the Veneration of our Reader."

book 4 chapter 2

Sophia Western, the daughter of Squire Western, is introduced. Initially, the narrator doesn't give precise details about her, but rather draws comparisons with notable women from literature and high class society. The narrator is hesitant to describe Sophia fully, cryptically saying, "most of all, she resembled one whose Image never can depart from my Breast, and whom if thou dost remember, thou hast then, my Friend, an adequate Idea of Sophia." Eventually, the narrator reveals that Sophia is well-proportioned, of medium height, with brown hair, black eyes, and "two Rows of Ivory" in her mouth. Her physical beauty is matched by her inner beauty. If one were to nitpick, Sophia's forehead could be slightly higher according to the narrator. He uses references from John Suckling, John Donne, and Horace to describe Sophia. Sophia's manners might not be as polished as those from the "Polite Circle," but her "sense" and "natural Gentility" make up for it. Sophia’s education was overseen by her aunt.

book 4 chapter 3

Eighteen-year-old Sophia deeply adores her father, which is why Tom decides to seek her help for Black George. The narrator provides a flashback, illustrating the cordial connections between their neighboring households. As kids, Tom, Sophia, and Blifil used to play together. Sophia was always more drawn to Tom's outgoing nature than Blifil's serious demeanor. Early on, Tom gifted Sophia a bird he'd trained to sing, which she named "little Tommy" and adored immensely. During a day in the garden, Blifil convinces Sophia to let him handle little Tommy. He promptly releases the bird, causing Sophia to cry out. Tom rushes over, climbing the tree to retrieve the bird, but falls into a canal when the branch snaps. The adults appear, to whom Blifil admits his actions, stating his intolerance for captivity. The aftermath sees Tom and Blifil sent home, Sophia retreating to her room, and the adults resuming their drinking.

book 4 chapter 4

Square, Thwackum, Western, Allworthy and Western's lawyer buddy debate Blifil's behavior. Square and Thwackum commend Blifil, whereas Western, irritated by Blifil's action that deprived Sophia of her bird, simply encourages everyone to keep drinking. Allworthy believes the deed was wrong, but the intent was noble, so he decides not to discipline the boy. The lawyer cryptically comments that property rights are "nullius in bonis," leaving the others puzzled. Shortly afterwards, Allworthy takes Square and Thwackum off.

book 4 chapter 5

Sophia grows fond of Tom and despises Blifil after the bird incident. Sophia admires Tom as his only enemy is himself, in contrast to Blifil who is selfish and self-centered. Unlike others who keep good people for their benefit, Sophia openly appreciates Tom and criticizes Blifil. After living with her aunt for three years, she returns to her father's house where she hears about Black George’s story. Her disdain for Blifil intensifies during a conversation with her maidservant. Sophia becomes the center of attention in her father's house. Tom often joins them for meals due to his shared love for hunting with Squire Western. His natural charm sets him apart from the typical country squires. Now twenty, Tom is admired by all local ladies. Sophia enjoys Tom's company, but neither Tom nor Squire Western notice this. The Squire, preoccupied with his sports and animals, leaves Sophia and Tom alone often. Sophia falls for Tom without realizing it. One day, Tom requests a favor from Sophia, regarding Black George. Relieved it’s not something serious, Sophia agrees, mentioning she had already helped George’s family. She had given them one of her dresses, linen, and some money. Inspired by Sophia's kindness, Tom asks her to convince her father to employ Black George. Sophia agrees, but only if Tom promises to avoid dangerous hunts. After he agrees, Tom kisses her hand, causing Sophia to experience unfamiliar feelings. Squire Western enjoys Sophia's harpsichord performances in the afternoon. To please her father, Sophia learns his favorite lewd ballads. During one such performance, she asks her father to help Tom, to which he agrees. The next day, he instructs his lawyer to prepare a Deputation. News of Tom’s actions becomes public, leading to mixed reactions. Despite criticisms from Square and Thwackum, Allworthy continues to support Tom, praising his steadfast friendship. However, the narrator hints at a potential change in Tom's fortunes in the upcoming chapters.

book 4 chapter 6

Although Tom admires Sophia's attractiveness and skills, he isn't in love with her. The author wonders if this is due to stupidity or poor taste, but in reality, Tom's heart belongs to another woman. This woman is Molly Seagrim, the second oldest of Black George's five children, and Tom is completely smitten with her. Despite Tom's strong feelings, his principles stop him from taking advantage of her. Molly's beauty is rugged and not traditionally feminine, and this is also true of her character. Interestingly, Tom cares more for Molly's virtue than she herself does. Even though Tom tries to distance himself to preserve Molly's innocence, she is persistent and eventually gets what she wants. Tom convinces himself that he was the one who seduced Molly. He is the kind of person who believes in reciprocating in love, which is why he hasn't returned Sophia's feelings. He doesn't want to abandon Molly or deceive Sophia while he remains devoted to Molly.

book 4 chapter 7

Molly's pregnancy is first discovered by Mrs. Seagrim, who attempts to disguise it from the locals by adorning her daughter in Sophia's dress. Adorned in this dress and some accessories gifted by Tom, Molly makes a striking appearance at church the succeeding Sunday. Initially, the other female attendees fail to identify her, but upon recognition, they show disdain towards her.

book 4 chapter 8

Sophia becomes smitten by Molly's attractiveness during a church service. She subsequently asks Black George to employ Molly as her handmaiden, much to his surprise, as Sophia remains oblivious to Molly's pregnancy. When George returns home seeking counsel from his wife, they're embroiled in the aftermath of a church incident. The women had thrown "Dirt and Rubbish" at Molly, who in turn defended herself by knocking the ringleader unconscious. She fought off the crowd using a skull and thighbone from the graveyard. The tale is humorously narrated in a Virgilian style, with a roll call of Molly’s victims. Goody Brown, however, fights back - she assaults Molly and pulls her hair. The storyteller points out that in such fights, women tend to target each other's chests; hence, flat-chested Goody Brown held an advantage. Ultimately, the brawl is brought to a halt upon Tom's arrival.

book 4 chapter 9

Tom wraps Molly in his garments and arranges for her safe journey home. He leaves with Square and Blifil, not before stealing a fleeting kiss from Molly. Once home, Molly faces criticism from her sisters. When Mrs. Seagrim labels Molly a harlot, Molly retorts by reminding her mother of her own premarital pregnancy. Black George shares Sophia's proposition with his family. Molly resists the idea of working as Sophia's dish cleaner. After Molly hands her mother some money, Mrs. Seagrim concurs that Molly is not suitable for a servant's role. Mrs. Seagrim blames her husband, painting him as a troublemaker who constantly fights with others. Ultimately, it is decided that Mrs. Seagrim will assume the job herself.

book 4 chapter 10

Tom joins Squire Western for hunting and later they dine together with Sophia and Parson Supple, their local curate. Sophia's charm and beauty finally win over Tom. Parson Supple, usually quiet during meals, becomes lively after dinner, revealing the news of Molly Seagrim's pregnancy and her father's plan to send her to Bridewell. This information prompts Tom to leave the table abruptly. Squire Western, noticing this, accuses Tom of being the child's father. He further surmises that this must be why Tom defended Black George so staunchly. Parson Supple defends Tom while Western criticizes Allworthy, calling him a "whoremaster" and suggesting that he was promiscuous during his university days. Parson Supple quickly corrects Western, stating that Allworthy never went to university. Sophia, who observed Tom's blush during the conversation, starts to believe her father's accusation. After everyone else departs, Western requests Sophia to entertain him with some harpsichord music but she declines, citing a severe headache.

book 4 chapter 11

Tom arrives back home on foot and discovers Molly nearly being carried off to Bridewell. In front of everyone, he holds her and vows he will defend her. He admits to Allworthy that he is the child's father. Allworthy sends Molly back home and lectures Tom about chastity. The narrator declines to detail this, given we have already seen Allworthy's talk to Jenny Jones, and the same principles apply to men as well as women. Allworthy doesn't approve of Tom's actions but respects his honesty. Blifil tells the story to Thwackum, who is infuriated that Tom is too old to be whipped. Thwackum hatches a scheme to tarnish Allworthy's impression of Tom. Square implies to Allworthy that Tom's kindness towards Black George was a ploy to influence Molly. Doubts about Tom start brewing in Allworthy's mind.

book 4 chapter 12

After a restless night, Sophia is found awake and fully dressed by her servant, Mrs. Honour. The servant shares the news that Tom is the father of Molly's child, a piece of information that Sophia doesn't want to hear. She sends Mrs. Honour away to check if her father requires her presence at breakfast. Sophia's affection for Tom, which is ever increasing, has now consumed her completely. She concludes that the only remedy for her love-sickness is to stay away from Tom at her aunt's place. However, an unforeseen incident will obstruct her departure.

book 4 chapter 13

Western stubbornly brings his daughter, Sophia, on a hunting trip despite her distaste for such violent activities. On day two, Sophia is thrown off her horse, but Tom swiftly rescues her, injuring his left arm during the heroic act. Western is overjoyed at her safe return, and Sophia quietly admires Tom's courageous behavior. The narrator discusses the views of philosophers who argue men are braver than women, and women's admiration for men's courage. Ultimately, this event leads to a deeper bond between Tom and Sophia.

book 4 chapter 14

A doctor attends to Sophia and treats Tom's injured arm. Sophia's maid, Mrs. Honour, gossips about Tom's nobility and attractiveness, suggesting Sophia is smitten with Tom. She recounts how Tom affectionately kissed Sophia's muff he'd found on a chair. She also recalls Tom's silence when Sophia played the harpsichord, hinting his admiration for her. Sophia tries to hush the gossip, but when Mrs. Honour reveals that Tom once referred to Sophia as a "goddess", Sophia can't help but listen closely.

book 5 chapter 1

The storyteller takes pride in his pioneering work in "prosai-comi-epic Writing." He clarifies that the preceding chapters in every book serve as philosophical and historical discourses. Shifting his attention to "critics", he asserts they have garnered such dominance that they feel they can dictate the rules for authors. However, critics' attempts to enforce such rules only "curb and restrain Genius." Revisiting his initial comments, the storyteller elucidates that these opening chapters are purposed to juxtapose: their grave nature should stimulate the reader to anticipate the humorous segments.

book 5 chapter 2

During his period of recovery from a fractured arm, Tom Jones receives daily visits from Mr. Allworthy, who encourages him to reflect on his wrongdoings. Thwackum, another regular visitor, sternly chides Tom, linking his physical ailment to divine punishment for his transgressions. Square, on the other hand, downplays the significance of Tom's injury in the larger context of life. Blifil visits infrequently, fearing damage to his reputation from associating with Tom, while Squire Western oscillates between Tom's room, drinking, and hunting. Sophia, meanwhile, battles with her own feelings to keep her distance from Tom. In a moment of quiet, as Tom and Squire Western listen to Sophia's harpsichord performance, Tom shares with Western that he considers his injury as a fortunate incident, since it led to Sophia's rescue. Western proposes rewarding Tom with a horse. Suddenly, Sophia's musical performance deteriorates, catching Tom's attention and leading him to believe that she may harbour feelings for him.

book 5 chapter 3

Tom's feelings for Sophia are characterized as "bittersweet," due to his uncertainty about her feelings for him. He also worries about Squire Western's disapproval of their union, given the importance of wealth and social standing. Fearful of disrespecting Western's kindness and upsetting Allworthy, Tom is in a dilemma. He also considers Molly, whom he has pledged "eternal Constancy." The thought of Molly's pledged death in case of his abandonment saddens him deeply. Molly's financial status has never been an issue for him. After a restless evening, he decides to stay true to Molly.

book 5 chapter 4

Tom receives a visit from Mrs. Honour while ill. Having been fooled and abandoned by an aristocrat's servant, she no longer trusts men but remains attracted to them. Mrs. Honour shares with Tom that Sophia asked her to look after Molly. Desperate for news about Sophia, Tom persuades Mrs. Honour to reveal that Sophia keeps the muff Tom had once kissed, refusing to replace it. Squire Western interrupts, calling Tom to where Sophia is sitting by the harpsichord, looking more beautiful than ever. In the midst of performing her father's cherished song, Sophia's muff slips onto her hands, impeding her play. Western angrily tosses the muff into the fire. Sophia, however, swiftly rescues it from the blaze.

book 5 chapter 5

Tom is unable to stop thinking about Molly, even though Sophia surpasses her in looks and personality. Hoping that he can make amends by giving her some money, Tom goes to see her, despite his injured arm. Upon arriving, he finds Molly's door locked, and she claims to have been asleep. Tom warns Molly that their relationship would anger Allworthy, suggesting that she should find a decent man to settle down with. She responds with tears, accusing him of abandonment. In an unexpected twist, a rug concealing Molly's wardrobe falls, revealing Square. The tale of how Square and Molly became an item is then recounted. Square was attracted to Molly's beauty during a church service, and knowing she had already been intimate with Tom, he saw no issue in taking his place. The fact that Molly was not virtuous made it easier for Square to pursue her. Tom, finding this amusing, helps Square out of the wardrobe. Square argues that his actions were not wrong, since he didn't "corrupt innocence". Tom promises to keep the secret and even asserts that he still intends to support Molly as best he can. Following Tom's departure, Molly scolds Square for causing her to lose Tom, but Square manages to win back her affection with comforting gestures and money.

book 5 chapter 6

Tom ponders over his role in Molly's debauchery, yet Molly's elder sister, Betty, convinces him that Will Barnes shares more of the blame. Besides, the baby might be Will's, not Tom's. With this revelation, Tom can focus on Sophia, the woman he's smitten with. His feelings make him nervous and quiet around Sophia, a change that does not go unnoticed by her. One day, their paths intersect in a garden, and they walk together. As they happen upon a tree that holds memories of their childhood, Sophia mentions an incident where Tom risked his life to get her a bird. This emotional reminiscence prompts Tom to express his agony of loving Sophia, wishing he had perished that day to escape his heartache. Sophia, shaken, insists she needs to go, yet lingers to listen to him. Despite her warning against discussing further, they return together, hand-in-hand. The chapter concludes with a forewarning of impending trouble for Jones.

book 5 chapter 7

Tom spends a fortnight at Western's without visiting Allworthy, who has become critically ill during this period. The narrator, using Cato's Latin words, commends Allworthy for his bravery against impending death, as his life has been virtuous. Allworthy calls his family to him, causing Tom to rush back home, putting his love concerns aside. During his meeting with his family, Blifil sheds tears while Allworthy gives a lengthy monologue on death's inevitability. He reveals his will, ensuring everyone is content with their share. Blifil is to inherit the estate, while Tom will receive a smaller property worth 500 pounds annually along with a lump sum of 1000 pounds. Overwhelmed, Tom expresses his gratitude to Allworthy, but insists his primary concern is Allworthy's wellbeing, rather than his inheritance. Thwackum and Square are also listed in the Will, each receiving 1000 pounds, and Allworthy ensures his servants are accounted for as well. A lawyer from Salisbury is present as Allworthy prepares himself for death.

book 5 chapter 8

Mrs. Wilkins vehemently expresses her discontent about being classified with the other servants in her master's will, much to Thwackum and Square's dismay, who are unhappy with their heritage as well. After a discussion with the lawyer, Blifil reveals his mother's passing due to gout. Thwackum advises Blifil to handle the news like a "Christian," while Square encourages a "Man's" reaction. Blifil confides in his mentors, expressing his reliance on their teachings for support. The question of informing Allworthy regarding his sister's demise arises. Following this, the doctor declares Allworthy completely healthy, describing it as a miracle, though the narrator suggests that the doctor might have exaggerated the severity of Allworthy's condition. Blifil discloses Bridget's passing to Allworthy, who then tasks Blifil with the organization of the funeral.

book 5 chapter 9

Tom sticks by Allworthy's side, shell-shocked by his sickness. The physician tells them Allworthy's health is on the mend and he's out of danger. Overjoyed, Tom celebrates excessively, leading to a brawl with Thwackum that the doctor has to break up. Blifil, who finds Tom's wild conduct unacceptable, scoffs that Tom shouldn't act this way right after his mother's death. Tom apologizes to Blifil, but Blifil mocks him, saying Tom can't comprehend the loss of a parent as he doesn't know his own. Both Thwackum and the doctor intervene to prevent Tom and Blifil from coming to blows.

book 5 chapter 10

During a serene summer night, Tom strolls into a woodland area filled with the melodious tunes of nightingales and the rustling of leaves in the breeze. Alone, he openly expresses his admiration for Sophia's beauty and pledges his everlasting fidelity to her. Unexpectedly, Molly appears from the foliage and following a short exchange, both she and Tom retreat into the thickest part of the woodland. Thwackum and Blifil stumble upon the same woodland area and set out in pursuit of Tom and his companion.

book 5 chapter 11

Tom stands up for his lover, akin to a savage creature protecting its partner. Thwackum pledges to bring the culpable lady to justice but Tom holds him back. A brawl erupts amongst the trio and unexpectedly, a "fourth Pair of Fists" joins in, belonging to Squire Western who allies with Tom. The tussle ends with Tom and Western emerging victoriously.

book 5 chapter 12

Sophia and Mrs. Western rush to the scene where Blifil seems lifeless. However, Sophia's fainting spell catches everyone's attention. Tom swiftly comes to her aid, reviving her using water from a nearby brook. Western, thankful to Tom for saving Sophia, expresses his gratitude by offering him anything but Sophia or his estate. Tom's injuries from the fight cause Sophia to sigh, sending Tom into a whirlwind of joy. Reflecting on the fight, the narrator questions the necessity of war and advocates for conflicts to be settled through physical altercations rather than using lethal weapons. Thwackum explains the cause of the fight to Western, who responds with amusement and labels Tom a "liquorish Dog." Sophia, feeling faint once more, pleads to be escorted home.

book 6 chapter 1

In contrast to the previous book that delved into the "Passion of Love," this one expands upon the concept of love. The narrator illustrates the nature of love through four principles: firstly, not all individuals experience love; secondly, lust does not govern love; thirdly, love aspires for self-contentment; finally, when love is directed towards someone of the opposite gender, it draws upon lust for assistance. The narrator is of the opinion that there are numerous individuals who derive pleasure in bringing joy to others, representing the ultimate manifestation of love.

book 6 chapter 2

At the Western residence, the happy news of Allworthy's improved health is celebrated by all except for Sophia. Her sadness goes unnoticed by her father, yet her aunt, Mrs. Western, who has had exposure to high society and worldly experiences, quickly perceives Sophia's love-struck state. Even though Mrs. Western has never experienced this feeling personally, she is as knowledgeable about love as she is about politics. When she informs her brother of Sophia's romantic feelings for Mr. Blifil, Western is outraged that his daughter has fallen in love without his consent. Mrs. Western sees his reaction as a display of "Country Ignorance," while he dismisses her "Town Learning." Ultimately, Mrs. Western convinces the Squire to approve the match, but he worries that Allworthy will not be swayed by monetary interests. He proposes that "Petticoats should not meddle" in politics, but he changes his stance when Mrs. Western threatens to depart, as he remembers her fortune will someday be his. She suggests they "sign a Treaty of Peace."

book 6 chapter 3

Sophia worries her aunt may have discovered her love for Tom, so she pretends to favor Blifil more. This confuses Mrs. Western, who thinks Sophia is being extremely crafty to hide the truth. Mr. Western invites Allworthy for dinner and suggests a union between Sophia and Blifil. Allworthy sees the proposed "Alliance" as smart and admires Sophia a lot. He values her large fortune but will only agree to the match if Sophia and Blifil express genuine affection for each other. This response frustrates Western, who thinks parents are better at picking spouses for their children than the children themselves. The narrator implies that Allworthy embodies balanced judgment.

book 6 chapter 4

Allworthy suggests a matrimonial union with Sophia to Blifil, who admits he's never considered it. He's not driven by lust, as he can curb his desires through intellectual pursuits. However, due to his significant "Avarice and Ambition," the idea of acquiring Sophia's wealth does appeal to him. Allworthy is displeased with Blifil's indifferent response; after all, he was passionate in his youth and married his wife out of love. Blifil manages to calm Allworthy's worries with an intellectual discourse on "Love and Marriage." Allworthy and Western then set up a meeting for the potential couple through a written correspondence.

book 6 chapter 5

Sophia is found by Mrs. Western engrossed in a book, leading to a discussion about its worth. Mrs. Western reveals to Sophia that she's aware of her being in love. There's no need for Sophia to confess her feelings, as Squire Western has already suggested a match to Allworthy, to which he is in full agreement. Sophia, filled with shock and happiness, exclaims, "So brave, and yet so gentle; so witty, yet so inoffensive; so humane, so civil, so genteel, so handsome! What signifies his being base born, when compared with such Qualifications as these?" Mrs. Western is quick to realize they're referring to different men upon hearing the term "base born". This angers Mrs. Western, who cannot fathom Sophia tarnishing their respected family name by marrying someone of illegitimate birth. Sophia pleads with Mrs. Western, asking her to keep her secret safe from her father. Her aunt consents, but only on the condition that Sophia will agree to meet Blifil later that day.

book 6 chapter 6

Sophia is found crying by Mrs. Honour, who insists on learning the reason, despite already eavesdropping on Sophia's conversation. Mrs. Honour reacts to Sophia's distressing news with a lengthy dialect-filled speech, suggesting Sophia should have the liberty to pick the "most handsomest" man. When Honour reports spotting Tom near the canal that morning, Sophia quickly readies herself to go. She decides to change the ribbon in her hat, a task she assigns to Honour. This delay causes Sophia to miss Tom by a whisker. The narrator takes this chance to caution all women against vanity.

book 6 chapter 7

Blifil and Sophia meet uncomfortably to discuss their potential match. Initially, Blifil is tongue-tied but suddenly, he begins to heap "Torrent of farfetched and high-strained Compliments" on her. Sophia endures as much as she can before leaving. Blifil doesn't mind because he is only interested in "her Fortune and her Person." He's oblivious to Tom's affection for Sophia since their fight has driven a wedge between them. Western dances with joy after Blifil updates him about the seemingly successful encounter. Seeing her father's delight, Sophia thinks it's a good time to reveal her true feelings. She checks if her father genuinely values her happiness before pleading him against forcing her into a marriage with a man she cannot stand. Infuriated, Mr. Western curses Sophia and threatens to disinherit her. He, however, agrees to let Tom try his luck at convincing Sophia.

book 6 chapter 8

Sophia is filled with dread as Tom enters her room. Ordered by Mr. Western to commend Blifil, Tom expresses his affection for Sophia and subtly hints at longing for reciprocation. Sophia warns him of the disastrous consequences of defying her father, which would result in Tom's ruin, and consequently, hers as well. Tom voices his sole fear is Sophia's loss. Their hands remain intertwined, unable to part. The narrator concludes the chapter, aware that some readers might believe it has "lasted long enough."

book 6 chapter 9

Mrs. Western bumps into her brother while Tom and Sophia are having a chat. She's upset, believing Sophia has let her down by keeping a secret. Unveiling Sophia's secret to Squire Western, he's shocked to learn his daughter is in love with a financially disadvantaged man. He believes that a couple should have equal wealth. Suddenly, Western interrupts the couple, compared to trembling doves. However, when he sees Sophia has collapsed, he leaves Tom to care for her. Western later denounces Tom and the local priest encourages Tom to depart.

book 6 chapter 10

Allworthy, convinced by Blifil's tale of his pursuit of Sophia, wholeheartedly supports their union. Suddenly, Western shows up, accusing Allworthy of "breeding up a Bastard like a Gentleman, and letting un come about to Vok's Houses." Allworthy counters that he had disapproved of Tom spending excessive time at Western's place. He inquires whether Western has noticed any signs of affection between Sophia and Tom, to which Western says no. Blifil announces his intention to keep chasing Sophia and labels Tom as "one of the worst Men in the World." Puzzled, Allworthy asks him to elaborate. Blifil recounts a warped version of Tom's actions during Allworthy's sickness, accusing Tom of frequent drinking and dancing, and alleging that Tom assaulted him when he tried to intervene. To validate Blifil's claims, Allworthy brings in Thwackum to "examine all the Evidence of this Matter." Thwackum corroborates Blifil's story and shows his injuries from the alleged altercation.

book 6 chapter 11

When Allworthy confronts Tom about the incident, he leaves out his own sickness, causing Tom to admit his drunken state. Tom, taken aback, can't defend himself and chooses to confess all and plead for Allworthy's mercy. However, Allworthy feels he's forgiven Tom excessively in the past, and opts to send him away with some money for sustenance until he secures honest employment. He's particularly upset with Tom's actions towards Blifil, who has shown Tom nothing but "Tenderness and Honour." The locals question Allworthy's stern treatment of Tom, ignoring that he provided Tom with a substantial five hundred pounds.

book 6 chapter 12

Exiled Tom lingers by a stream, distraught and unsure of how to handle his situation with Sophia. His heart aches at the thought of leaving her, yet he hesitates to bring her "to Ruin and Beggary" or go against Allworthy's wishes. He chooses to distance himself from Sophia and pens a letter to explain his decision. With no wax to seal the letter due to his impulsive disposal of all his possessions, including the five hundred pounds from Allworthy, he finds himself in a bind. Black George, having already discovered and taken the money, assists Tom in his search and pledges to send Tom's letter to Mrs. Honour. Tom then receives a letter from Sophia, who vows not to wed anyone else. Overwhelmed, Tom kisses the letter repeatedly before finally leaving the estate.

book 6 chapter 13

Sophia spends the day hearing her aunt's advise on why women should aim for profitable marriages through being cautious. Western locks Sophia in her chamber, entrusting the key to Honour. Overcome by emotion, Sophia cries over Tom's letter as Honour attempts to comfort her, speaking highly of Blifil's looks and etiquette. Sophia hands over all her savings, a total of sixteen guineas, to be delivered to Tom. Honour hands the money to Black George who, after some thought, hands it over to Tom.

book 6 chapter 14

Mrs. Western gives her brother a stern talking-to for locking up Sophia and undoing all her hard work with prudent teachings. She asserts her superior worldly wisdom over him. As Western brings up politics in his angry outburst, Mrs. Western suggests he refocuses on Sophia, who is "in greater Danger than the Nation." The Squire ultimately decides to entrust Sophia's wellbeing to his sister, reasoning that "Women are the properest to manage Women."

book 7 chapter 1

The storyteller delves into the common literary comparison of the world to a stage. He states that we often praise those who skillfully imitate the world to such an extent that we can't differentiate between the replica and the real thing. However, he points out that the spectators have always been neglected in such comparisons. The storyteller foresees the readers' responses to Black George pilfering Tom's five hundred pounds, remarking that usually, the most flawed individuals are the quickest to judge.

book 7 chapter 2

Allworthy dispatches Jones's belongings, along with a note from Blifil, asking Tom to keep away from Allworthy. Blifil advises Tom to revamp his way of living. Sorrow-filled Tom, torn about leaving Sophia behind, decides sailing to be his next move. He arranges for horses to transport him to Bristol. The narrator lets us know that at this point, the focus will shift from Tom's experiences, back to Sophia.

book 7 chapter 3

Having gained her freedom, Sophia firmly expresses her contempt for Blifil, vowing to her aunt and father that she will not marry him. Mrs. Western, however, is even more determined to see the two wedded. She stresses that the "Alliance between the Families is the principal Matter" in marriage. Western loses his temper at Sophia, to which Mrs. Western warns him not to interfere. He blames his sister for influencing Sophia with "Court Notions," accusing her of turning Sophia into a "Whig." After a heated argument, Mrs. Western leaves abruptly, leaving a worried Sophia and an irate Squire Western behind.

book 7 chapter 4

Mr. Western grumbles to Sophia about the constant ill-treatment of men. He recalls the difficulties he had with Sophia's late mother. Mrs. Western died when Sophia was just eleven, having been a loyal wife to Mr. Western. He has been what society considers a "good husband", infrequently swearing at her and never resorting to physical assault. However, Western takes pleasure in griping about Sophia's mother, out of jealousy for the stronger affection Sophia felt for her mother than for him.

book 7 chapter 5

Sophia stays silent as her father rants about her mother, escalating his anger. He assumes she will side with her aunt as well. While Sophia doesn't want to appear ungrateful to her dad, she needs to point out her aunt's deep affection for him, which surpasses normal sibling love. Western blames Sophia for stirring up his sister's "violent Passions." Sophia persuades him to stop Mrs. Western from leaving, and he eventually complies. She tears up as she reads Tom's letter again, using her muff to dry her eyes. Mrs. Honour tries to console her by naming the most desirable local bachelors, leading to Sophia abruptly sending Honour away in annoyance.

book 7 chapter 6

Squire Western and his sister agree on marrying off Sophia to Blifil. Blifil meets Sophia, though the author chooses not to elaborate on this encounter. While Blifil is content with the arrangement, Western, after secretly listening to their conversation, urges them to wed the next day. Western's suggestion aligns with Blifil's own wishes, as he was not completely pleased with the meeting. To relieve any reader's curiosity, the author reveals that Blifil is not without desire, viewing Sophia as "a most delicious Morsel." Blifil also revels in his victory over Tom. Once Allworthy lends his approval, the marriage "Treaty" is sealed. However, Sophia's future actions threaten to derail the Treaty.

book 7 chapter 7

Honour reveals to Sophia that her wedding is scheduled for the next day. She admits she finds Blifil, the groom-to-be, quite attractive, describing him as "a charming, sweet, handsome Man." Sophia unveils her intention to escape that very night and seek refuge with a female relative in London, whom she had previously met at her aunt's residence. This relative had earlier extended an open invitation to Sophia. If Honour values their friendship, Sophia implores, she will join her. Honour shows hesitation about the idea of the two of them braving the harsh winter chill alone, but Sophia pledges to make it worth her while. They then devise a strategy for Honour to be let go by Mr. Western.

book 7 chapter 8

Honour contemplates the advantages and disadvantages of eloping with Sophia. She has a longing to explore London, and Sophia's generosity could lead to greater financial benefits. When Mrs. Western's maid insults Sophia by referring to her as a "Country Girl," Honour defends Sophia, boasting that she is "younger, and ten thousand Times more handsomer" than Mrs. Western. Upon hearing from her maid that Honour labeled her as "ugly," Mrs. Western insists on leaving the house unless Squire Western dismisses Honour.

book 7 chapter 9

Despite initially threatening to imprison Honour in Bridewell, Justice of Peace Squire Western ultimately lets her go. This outcome emboldens Honour, who readily agrees to elope with Sophia. They plan their escape at midnight. Sophia, meanwhile, gives in to her father's desire for her to wed Blifil, an act which earns her a sizeable monetary gift from her father. Sophia finds happiness in pleasing her father and momentarily contemplates staying. However, her fondness for Tom overpowers her sense of duty, prompting her to disregard her father's wishes. The narrator expresses hope that the reader doesn't judge Sophia too harshly, admitting his inability to "vindicate the Character of our Heroine, by ascribing her Actions to supernatural Impulse."

book 7 chapter 10

Tom and his companion lose their path, and in a nearby village, they seek help. A quaker named Broadbrim alerts Tom that they're off-track and suggests a safe inn due to recent local robberies. The public house's owner, Robin, shares his story. His residence is empty as his wife, along with her beloved newlywed daughter, have moved out with all belongings. Broadbrim reveals that his daughter eloped, refusing the wealthy match he set up. Tom reacts violently, evicting Broadbrim from the room. Robin labels Tom an illegitimate child, forcing him to rest in a chair. Robin lays wide awake, fearful of a potential robbery by Tom.

book 7 chapter 11

During the nighttime, a group of soldiers storm in and demand beer from the pub owner. Tom, who's among them, gets involved. When a few soldiers try to exit without settling their beer tab, an argument ensues. Tom, who had been discussing joining the military with the Sergeant to fight the Jacobite rebels, takes it upon himself to cover the unpaid bill. This earns him the titles of "honourable, noble, and worthy Gentleman." Lured by his passion for freedom and Protestant faith, Tom is drawn towards the army. He leaves with the Sergeant who spins tales about his past victories. Later, he's introduced to the Lieutenant who is impressed by Tom's "Air of Dignity."

book 7 chapter 12

Despite having a lengthy military career of four decades, the Lieutenant, a man nearing his sixtieth birthday, has not experienced much advancement in his profession. His wife's decision to preserve her honor, despite his superior's attraction to her, has not contributed positively to his career progression. The Lieutenant can be characterized as a "religious, honest, good-natured Man."

book 8 chapter 1

The storyteller makes a distinction for his style, labeling it as part of the "Marvellous" realm, but decidedly not within the "Incredible." His belief is that authors ought to restrict their writings to not just what is plausible, but what is probable too, and should refrain from calling upon "supernatural Agents," an error even Homer made. The highest theme is "Man" and the craft of writing should not be tarnished by fanciful creations of "Elves and Fairies, and other such Mummery."

book 8 chapter 2

Tom Jones receives a visit from the innkeeper, who believes he's a respectable man and questions why he's associating with rough military men. She talks about how Sophia often lodged at her place. In response, Tom, visibly thrilled, unfolds his tale to her. To justify his enlistment in the army, he empties his purse, showing that he's broke. The moment the innkeeper grasps this, her attitude towards Tom turns sour.

book 8 chapter 3

Truly, the innkeeper is oblivious to Sophia's whereabouts and is merely echoing the Lieutenant's words that she heard unintentionally. Tom gets hurt on his head during a brawl with Broadbrim, resulting in the need for a surgeon to treat him. The innkeeper informs the surgeon of Tom's lack of funds to settle his medical bills, causing the surgeon to storm out angrily.

book 8 chapter 4

Rejuvenated from his rest, Tom awakens hungry and successfully regains the goodwill of the landlady through his pleasant demeanor. A gentleman known as little Benjamin, who is a barber, arrives to attend to his grooming needs. Charmed by the barber's wit, Tom decides to have a drink with him. Once he is spruced up, he catches the eye of Nanny, the attractive and flirtatious chambermaid. But when Tom's not around, the landlady shares a twisted tale of his history with the barber and others present. Benjamin reveals that he's heard rumors of Tom being Allworthy's offspring, leading the landlady to wonder why Tom doesn't carry his alleged father's title.

book 8 chapter 5

While having his meal, Tom Jones engages in the conversation from the previous segment. The barber joins him for a drink shortly after, sharing his knowledge of Tom's generous actions towards Black George. The entire community adores Tom for this, the barber informs him. Tom then proceeds to narrate his life story to the barber. However, the narrator interjects, pointing out the stark contrast between a man's version of his life and the portrayal by his adversaries. The barber is intrigued to know the identity of Tom's love interest. Upon knowing that Sophia's name is no secret, Tom decides to disclose it.

book 8 chapter 6

Benjamin admits to Tom that he's the same Partridge who was rumored to be involved with Jenny Jones. However, he reassures Tom that he is not his biological father. Despite this, Partridge has always harbored affection for Tom, especially after learning of his compassionate behavior towards Black George. He requests Tom to compensate for the hardship his existence has brought upon him. While Tom acknowledges this, he confesses to being broke at the moment. Partridge, being in a better financial position, offers to share everything he possesses with Tom. Comfortable in one another's presence, Tom and Partridge decide to join the war together.

book 8 chapter 7

Partridge is surprised to learn about Allworthy's decision to expel Tom, as he's always thought of Tom as Allworthy's real child. Thinking that Tom chose to leave home, he starts formulating a strategy to bring Tom back to Allworthy, which might earn him Allworthy's approval. Jones and the inn-keeper, who suffers from gout, form a strong bond over their shared interest in horse racing. The inn-keeper’s life is majorly spent in arguments with his wife, who never misses a chance to bring up her previous husband. Later, Tom and Partridge set off for their journey, while the landlady doesn’t bother to bid them goodbye.

book 8 chapter 8

Tom Jones and his companion Partridge arrive in Gloucester and decide to stay at the Bell. The innkeeper's wife, Mrs. Whitefield, is a pleasant and beautiful woman without any foolish ideas. She perceives something special about Jones, inviting him to dine with her. At the dinner, Jones encounters Dowling, the lawyer who had previously informed him of Mrs. Blifil's passing, and a lowly lawyer who accepts any case. Jones, not enjoying their company, excuses himself post-dinner. This prompts the second lawyer to start spreading false stories about Jones, saying he's the "Bastard of a Fellow who was hanged for Horse-stealing" and his name is "Thomas Jones". Upon hearing this, Dowling expresses his admiration for Jones. The hostess, however, is swayed by the lawyer's words and becomes cold towards Jones, going as far as refusing to have tea with him. Feeling unwelcome, Jones settles his expenses and leaves the inn.

book 8 chapter 9

Tom and Partridge set off from Gloucester while it's still early. Despite the darkness, the moon's glow lightens their path. Tom recites poems about the moon, but Partridge just moans about the chilly weather. Partridge wants to turn back due to the uncertainty of their direction. However, Tom's determination to continue forces Partridge to follow. During their journey, Tom speculates if Sophia too might be admiring the same moon. He then inquires if Partridge has ever fallen in love. Partridge admits he has tasted both the joy and bitterness of love, hinting that his wife wasn't kind to him. He then suggests that he could help Tom to win Sophia's heart. But Tom reveals his current burning desire is to achieve "a glorious Death in the Service of my King and Country." Upon hearing this, Partridge realizes that they support different causes - Tom backs King George, while he favors the Jacobite rebellion.

book 8 chapter 10

Tom and his companion, Partridge, come across a house at the foot of a steep hill, drawn in by the lights twinkling from within the wooded area. Their calls for attention go unanswered until an elderly woman finally responds from a window. After ensuring her of Tom's respectable disposition, they are allowed entry in exchange for half a crown. They are warned by the woman, believed by Partridge to be a witch, that her reclusive master, known as the Man of the Hill, will soon return. He was said to be a hermit who "keeps no Company with any Body." Suddenly, the quiet is shattered by loud shouts outside, with voices demanding cash. Tom swiftly picks up a sword from the wall, driving away robbers who were targeting the returning Man of the Hill. Initially wary, the Man of the Hill now regards Jones as his "Deliverer" and "Preserver."

book 8 chapter 11

The Man of the Hill shares his life story. Born in 1657 in Mark-in-Somersetshire, he's the younger child of a "Gentleman Farmer" and his "arrant Vixen of a Wife." Unlike his hunting-obsessed elder brother, the Man of the Hill shines academically and is noticed by scholars nearby. He's sent to Exeter College, Oxford, where he befriends a wealthy, immoral man, Sir George Gresham, who leads him astray. His rebelliousness escalates to such a point that he's on the brink of expulsion by the vice chancellor. His father denies his request for more funds, so he purloins forty guineas from a companion. Avoiding punishment, he elopes with a woman to London, perpetuating his reckless lifestyle. However, the woman betrays him and he ends up in jail, causing him to ponder his actions. He's permitted to go back to Oxford, and to his relief, his friend has withdrawn the charges. Partridge chimes in abruptly with a tale about a man who was executed for horse theft and haunted the accuser as a ghost.

book 8 chapter 12

The tale of the Hill Man carries on. Having tarnished his name at Oxford, he ventures back to London. Penniless and devoid of companions, he encounters an old acquaintance from Oxford, Watson. Together, they indulge in feasting and gambling one evening.

book 8 chapter 13

The Man of the Hill joins Watson's gambling crew, living a life of fluctuating luck. He aids a beaten and robbed man one evening, only to discover it's his own father who had come to London to find him. He returns home with his father, immersing himself in Philosophy and Scriptures. After his father's demise four years later, his life becomes more challenging due to his elder brother who frequently hosts "Sportsmen" in their residence. Following a doctor's advice, he departs home to consume Bath waters. Here, he rescues a man attempting suicide by jumping into a river, who surprisingly turns out to be his old friend Watson.

book 8 chapter 14

The Man on the Hill lends Watson a hundred pounds, insisting he use it to start an honest job. Yet, he finds Watson wasting it on gambling. They engage in a political conversation, where the Man on the Hill expresses fear for the Protestant faith under a "popish Prince." Tom cuts in, revealing two uprisings aimed at restoring King James's son to power. The Man on the Hill resumes his tale, revealing that he and Watson served in the military. However, Watson backstabs him by siding with the Jacobite forces, forcing the Man of the Hill to flee. Since then, he chose solitude and visited his brother, who offered him a meager sum. He then settled on his hill, though he had journeyed throughout Europe.

book 8 chapter 15

The Man of the Hill provides a concise overview of people from various countries, stating his main motivation for travel was to experience nature. He believes humans are God's only creation which "doth him any Dishonour." Jones, however, challenges this sentiment, astounded that the Man of the Hill can spend so much time alone. He strongly disagrees with the Man of the Hill's distaste for mankind, arguing it is unfair to judge all based on the actions of a few bad individuals, instead suggesting he should consider the behavior of the morally upright. During this heated discussion, Partridge dozes off. The narrator then invites the reader to take a break like Partridge, marking the conclusion of the eighth book.

book 9 chapter 1

Such introductory segments serve as a measure for the audience to distinguish "what is true and genuine in this historic Kind of Writing, from what is false and counterfeit." The storyteller establishes himself as a "Historian." This type of writer needs exceptional talent, knowledge, discourse, and "a good Heart."

book 9 chapter 2

As dawn breaks, Tom and the Man of the Hill ascend Mazard Hill, where they are alerted by a woman's shrieks. Tom rushes to the source of the cries and discovers a man assaulting a partially dressed woman against a tree. He intervenes, overpowering the man with his stick until the woman pleads for him to cease. The grateful woman drops to her knees to thank Tom and he helps her up, expressing relief that he could rescue her. She compares him to a divine being. Despite her age and lack of conventional beauty, her ample, fair bosom catches Tom's eye. A tense silence ensues as they gaze at each other until the attacker regains consciousness. Tom identifies him as Northerton, a subordinate soldier from his regiment. Bidding the Man of the Hill goodbye, Tom takes the woman to Upton, offering her his coat, which she declines.

book 9 chapter 3

Tom Jones brings a woman to a tavern, asking the innkeeper for clothes. The innkeeper, brandishing a broom, warns him that her establishment is respectable. Partridge shows up just in time to save Tom from a beating. Soon, the unclothed woman and Susan, the innkeeper's housemaid, join the fray. Their melee is halted by the entrance of a lady and her servant. Susan is atop Partridge, giving him a sound thrashing. The undressed woman tells Tom she looks forward to seeing him again, so she can "thank him a thousand Times more."

book 9 chapter 4

The arrival of a Sergeant and his troops in the kitchen triggers a request for beer. Tom is tending to the unclothed lady, now shielded by a pillowcase. A soldier inquires if she is Captain Waters' wife, to which she confirms, referring to herself as the "unhappy Person." Upon realizing the lady's refined status, the landlady showers her with apologies, excessively using the term "your Ladyship." Mrs. Waters initially reacts with disdain but eventually accepts the landlady's gown offer. Meanwhile, Partridge and Susan reconcile, and the Sergeant suggests a toast be made.

book 9 chapter 5

Even heroes are human, and like all humans, they have physical needs. For instance, Tom is currently dining on a large amount of beef in Mrs. Waters's room. She is grooming herself in anticipation of his attention. The storyteller begs pardon for not describing Tom's looks in detail earlier, mentioning that he's among the most handsome men in existence. Invoking a warlike muse for inspiration, the storyteller describes Mrs. Waters's attempt to seduce Tom. However, Tom isn't swayed until he finishes his meal.

book 9 chapter 6

While Tom and Mrs. Waters are occupied in a private room, the Sergeant holds the attention of the other patrons by recounting Mrs. Waters' past. He reveals that she is the spouse of Captain Waters, but there's uncertainty surrounding the legality of their marriage. Mrs. Waters had been involved with Ensign Northerton during their last posting. The conversation shifts towards Tom when Partridge unveils his secret identity as the successor of the famous Allworthy. A young woman residing at the inn desires to leave, yet her coachman's inebriation prevents her departure. The innkeeper, taking tea upstairs with Tom and Mrs. Waters, admires the young woman's attractiveness. Tom's reaction sparks off a sense of competition in Mrs. Waters. However, she remains unperturbed since her interest in Tom is purely physical.

book 9 chapter 7

The narrator anticipates the reader's interest in the connection between Mrs. Waters and Northerton. Mrs. Waters took Captain Waters's name after a long-time association with him. She had a close bond with Northerton, and upon his release from jail, they planned a getaway to Wales. On the day of their departure, Northerton chose to steal Mrs. Waters's money and diamond ring. This is the event where Tom bravely intervened to rescue Mrs. Waters.

book 10 chapter 1

The storyteller compares critics to cold-blooded creatures, cautioning the reader against hastily assessing the narrative. The reader shouldn't fret over seeing similar characteristics in multiple characters. It's a typical occurrence for characters—and people—to share many traits. Indeed, it demonstrates a critic's sophistication if they can differentiate between characters who are particularly alike.

book 10 chapter 2

An Irish man, Mr. Fitzpatrick, comes to the inn late that evening in search of his spouse. He is directed to Mrs. Waters's quarters by the housemaid. Upon bursting into the room, he finds Tom in bed, causing a fight to break out. However, another Irishman, Mr. Macklachlan, who is acquainted with Fitzpatrick, intervenes and clarifies that the lady present isn't Fitzpatrick's wife. The innkeeper appears on the scene and Mrs. Waters accuses the trio of men of trying to harm her. Acknowledging his error, Fitzpatrick departs, and Tom explains to the innkeeper that he was merely attempting to protect Mrs. Waters.

book 10 chapter 3

A short account of Mr. Fitzpatrick's life is provided. He wed for fiscal benefits and squandered his wife's wealth, driving her to leave him due to his dreadful treatment. A coachman appears at the inn ushering in a young woman and her attendant. With utmost courtesy, the woman requests to take a brief rest, expressing her desire not to cause any inconvenience. The innkeeper instructs the servant, Susan, to prepare the Rose chamber. After the woman and her assistant depart, the inn's patrons compliment her enchanting looks, attire, and gracious demeanor.

book 10 chapter 4

The maid of a young lady, Mrs. Abigail, insists on a large meal, lacking the refined manners of her employer as she selfishly hogs the fireplace. She questions the landlady about the rumors of her establishment being filled with high-class people. In response, the landlady points to Allworthy, the young squire, as an example. An astonished Mrs. Abigail responds, well-acquainted with Squire Allworthy, she’s aware he has no offspring. Partridge clarifies that while the young man isn't publicly recognized as the Squire's child, he is decisively his heir and goes by the name of Jones. At this revelation, Mrs. Abigail hastily leaves her bacon and runs off to inform her mistress.

book 10 chapter 5

Sophia Western, the woman admired in the last segment, is notified by her maid, Honour, that Tom is at home. Honour is dispatched to call Tom, but Partridge, under the influence and fatigued, tells her he's with a "wench." Sophia pays Susan, another maid, to confirm if Tom is in his room, only to find out he isn't. Susan reveals Partridge's gossip - that Sophia is hopelessly smitten with Tom, who is preparing to join the military to avoid her. Devastated, Sophia decides it's time to move on. She can forgive Tom's encounter with the woman, but not him defaming her reputation. She leaves her muff with her moniker on a piece of paper attached to it, in Tom's bed to serve as a "some Punishment for his Faults."

book 10 chapter 6

Partridge discloses to Tom his reluctance to join the revolt, proposing instead to steal horses to ease their journey. Amidst their disagreement, Partridge inadvertently reveals that he had prevented two women from seeing Tom the previous evening. He draws attention to a muff, left behind by one of the women, lying on Tom's floor. In a panic, Tom insists on knowing the women's whereabouts and commands for the horses to be prepared. Maclachlan speculates whether the woman could be Fitzpatrick's wife, who remains missing. Just as this conversation ensues, a gentleman steps into the kitchen simultaneous to Fitzpatrick's arrival.

book 10 chapter 7

Squire Western has shown up in search of Sophia. Chaos ensues in the kitchen as Western demands to see his daughter while Fitzpatrick hunts for his spouse, who happens to be Western's niece. Tom enters the scene clutching Sophia's fur hand-warmer, which prompts Western to confront him. Parson Supple, who is with Western, notices that Tom is holding Sophia's accessory. Western storms into Mrs. Waters's room in his fury. Fitzpatrick contends that the purloined fur hand-warmer is proof of a severe crime, leading to a makeshift "trial". Tom's defense relies on the testimonies of Susan and Partridge, and he's declared not guilty. Western leaves to continue his pursuit of Sophia, a path also taken by Tom and Partridge.

book 10 chapter 8

Revisiting the morning following Sophia's breakout, a servant, dispatched to call Sophia for a meeting with Blifil, reports her absence. Mrs. Western, on hearing this, delivers an impassioned lament blaming her sibling for Sophia's vanishing act. She proclaims that English women will not stand for such oppression.

book 10 chapter 9

Sophia bravely runs away in the middle of the night, meeting her maid, Honour, at a predetermined location five miles from home. They initially plan to journey to London, but upon hearing that Tom has headed to Bristol, Sophia decides to follow him. On their travels, they encounter Mrs. Whitefield in Hambrook who shares with them how frequently Tom mentioned Sophia. Honour reacts angrily, labeling Tom a "saucy Fellow". Despite Mrs. Whitefield's advice for Sophia not to pursue any man, the narrator forgives her actions due to her confused emotions, caught between her father's wishes, her disdain for Blifil, and her love for Tom. During their trip to London, Sophia and Honour stop at the Upton Inn, where a commotion takes place. Meanwhile, Western manages to locate his daughter by following the conspicuous trail left by Partridge, who has been loudly announcing Tom's whereabouts.

book 11 chapter 1

"Critic" originates from Greek, meaning "judgment". Many critics tend to be defamatory, focusing only on the negatives in the works and authors they evaluate. Nevertheless, there have been commendable critics, such as the historical figures Aristotle and Horace, along with the French critics Dacier and Bossu. It's crucial for critics to exhibit leniency and avoid discrediting a whole piece of work based on a single flaw found in it.

book 11 chapter 2

While traveling to London, Sophia and Mrs. Honour cross paths with another woman and her maid on horseback. As the sun rises, Sophia identifies the woman as her cousin Harriet, Fitzpatrick's wife. They reach an inn after a tiring journey, where Sophia is so exhausted she nearly falls while getting off her horse. The innkeeper tries to assist her but they both tumble, causing laughter among the bystanders. The innkeeper mistakenly believes Sophia and Harriet are "Rebel Ladies" and assumes Sophia is Jenny Cameron, the supposed paramour of the Jacobite leader Bonnie Prince Charlie. Although he's not a Jacobite sympathizer, when he learns about the rebels' success in London, he decides to ingratiate himself with Sophia and Harriet in hopes of future rewards. The innkeeper's wife, however, doubts Sophia is an upper-class lady because she treats everyone with respect, regardless of their social status.

book 11 chapter 3

Mrs. Fitzpatrick's beauty is overshadowed by Sophia's radiant appearance. Harriet decides to join Sophia on her journey to London. Sophia's kind treatment has led the landlady to strongly support the Jacobite cause, believing Sophia to be Jenny Cameron. Sophia and Harriet agree to share their personal stories with each other.

book 11 chapter 4

Mrs. Fitzpatrick recalls their time in Aunt Western's house, where she was known as "Miss Giddy" and Sophia as "Miss Graveairs." She shares with Sophia how she met her spouse during a visit to Bath accompanied by their aunt. Her husband, despite lacking a title, was highly sought after by women and was envied by all men. This man was a particular favorite of Mrs. Western, whom he flirted with unabashedly. However, he also courted Harriet, eventually confessing his flirtations with her aunt were simply a ploy to gain Harriet's affections. Touched, Harriet agreed to be his wife, causing a furious Mrs. Western to storm out of Bath. Reflecting on the past, Harriet admits to Sophia that she had wrongly judged Mr. Fitzpatrick based on others' perceptions.

book 11 chapter 5

The narrative of Mrs. Fitzpatrick resumes. Mr. Fitzpatrick wished to migrate back to Ireland post-nuptials, a plan she was opposed to as she preferred England. She stumbled upon a letter carelessly discarded, revealing her husband's intentions of marrying her solely for her wealth. Upon confrontation, he placated her with affectionate gestures and declarations of love. Life in Ireland only deepened her melancholy, with her husband further aggravating her condition through sarcastic comments. Eventually, she found herself pregnant by her spouse, a man she "scorned, hated, and detested."

book 11 chapter 6

Sophia, upset by her cousin's tale, finds herself unable to eat. However, Harriet does not share her lack of appetite. Their discussion is broken by the landlady who comes bearing some "good News." In a sudden rush, Mrs. Honour enters, exclaiming "they are come, they are come!" Sophia, believing Honour is referring to her father, feels a hidden sense of relief when she learns it is the Jacobite rebels who have actually arrived.

book 11 chapter 7

Wrapping up her tale, Mrs. Fitzpatrick speaks about her life in Ireland. She had befriended a lieutenant and his wife, an act that sparked her husband, Mr. Fitzpatrick's jealousy, due to his inability to match their intellectual prowess. Following the tragic loss of her child, Mrs. Fitzpatrick largely lived in isolation while her husband spent much time in Dublin and London. A turn of events occurred when a female relative of Mr. Fitzpatrick revealed his infidelity to Mrs. Fitzpatrick. Upon his return from London, penniless, Mr. Fitzpatrick insisted that they dispose of one of her properties. She not only declined but also confronted him about his mistress. In retaliation, he confined her to her room. Nevertheless, she succeeded in escaping, and she's been fleeing from him ever since.

book 11 chapter 8

Sophia confides in Mrs. Fitzpatrick, refraining from mentioning Tom. Their conversation is disrupted by a terrible shriek as Mrs. Honour discovers the innkeeper wrongly identifies Sophia as Jenny Cameron and fiercely disputes this. This furthers the landlord's assumption of Sophia's high status. He informs Sophia and Mrs. Fitzpatrick about the arrival of an Irishman who, coincidentally, was Harriet's saviour during her flight from Ireland. This man criticises the concept of marriage and proposes to escort Sophia and Harriet to London in his carriage.

book 11 chapter 9

Sophia and Harriet, having paid their dues at the inn, are all set to depart for London accompanied by Harriet's companion. Surprisingly, Sophia can't find the hundred pounds gifted to her by her father. Despite the shock, Sophia skillfully masks her internal turmoil with a pleasant exterior, impressing the narrator. Notably, she also gifts the innkeeper, much to his delight. Following a two-day trip, the pair reach London.

book 11 chapter 10

Harriet, acting out of decency, refuses to stay at her friend's place while his wife is away. As such, she and Sophia secure a place to stay overnight. The following day, Sophia decides to find her relative, due to her growing suspicion about Harriet's actions. She believes Harriet is in search of a man who can save her from her dreadful circumstances. Sophia finds her kin, Lady Bellaston, a person so renowned that "there was not a Chairman in Town to whom her House was not perfectly well known."

book 12 chapter 1

Throughout the narrative, the storyteller has consistently included quotes without crediting the original books or their writers. He holds the view that the "Antients" are to the "Moderns", similar to the wealthy compared to the impoverished.

book 12 chapter 2

Despite his pursuit of Sophia along the Worcester Road, Squire Western is rather frustrated that this search is cutting into his hunting time. Suddenly, a group of hounds rush past, causing Western and Parson Supple significant surprise. Unable to resist, Western gets involved in the hunt, proving that his natural instincts often overcome reason, yet this does not indicate his lack of affection for his daughter. The head of the hunting party, admiring Western's abilities, offers him an invitation to supper. Although Western wishes to participate in the next day's hunt, both his host and Supple convince him otherwise.

book 12 chapter 3

The tale picks up again with Tom Jones and Partridge, after they've left the Upton Inn. Partridge expresses a desire to return home, but Jones, who is without a home, yearns to enlist in the army. Partridge suggests that the Man of the Hill could have been a ghost, warning them against military service. He intersperses Latin phrases into his conversation, which Tom points out. Despite advocating that no Christian should take another's life, Partridge is afraid of becoming injured or dying in a war.

book 12 chapter 4

At a junction, Partridge dismisses a panhandler, but Tom gives the man some money, criticizing Partridge's double standards. Excitedly, Tom receives something the beggar had found—it's Sophia's pocket-book, a gift from Mrs. Western. Unfortunately, the beggar can't read, otherwise he would have known that the pocket-book contains a hundred pounds that Western gave to his daughter. Tom rewards the beggar for his honesty, and the man shows them where he located the pocket-book. The beggar then asks for extra money, but Tom insists the money must be returned to its rightful owner. To ensure future compensation, he records the man's personal details.

book 12 chapter 5

The sound of a drum reaches Tom and Partridge, causing Partridge to worry about an advancing rebellion. Partridge is excited by a nearby puppet show titled "The Provoked Husband." The show gets a lot of praise from the audience and even the puppeteer who believes his show helps to "improve the Morals of young People." A clerk shares the view that any vulgar content should be kept out of theaters. Tom, however, upsets the puppeteer by expressing his preference for the jolly antics of Punch and Joan.

book 12 chapter 6

An agitated innkeeper discovers her helper, Grace, in the company of the Merry Andrew puppet actor. Reflecting on times when puppet performances were Bible-based, she disregards the actor's pride. Tom, nudged by Partridge, the puppet proprietor, and the innkeeper, agrees to rest at the inn prior to resuming his travel, especially since he hasn't had much sleep following the "Accident of the broken Head" incident in Bristol. Partridge shows more interest in food than rest or drinks. The commotion instigated by Grace settles, reinstating peace amongst everyone present.

book 12 chapter 7

Partridge's constant boasting about Tom's high standing, due to his belief that Tom is Allworthy's heir, makes others think Tom is his master, despite Partridge's refusal to be labeled a "servant." At the inn, Partridge fuels speculation that Tom has lost his mind, causing concern among some that Tom might create havoc if left to wander freely. This notion appeals to Partridge who wants to convince Tom to go back to Allworthy. The inn's landlady advises against handling Tom roughly, while expressing admiration for his attractive eyes and decorous behavior. The group then discusses how they could establish Tom's mental instability in front of a jury. The landlord interrupts by sharing news about the approaching rebels in London. The focus of the conversation shifts to the rebellion and the inheritance rights of a son when his father dies. The landlord expresses apprehension that the rebel leader Bonnie Prince Charlie might force everyone to adopt Catholicism.

book 12 chapter 8

Jones comes to the aid of the Merry Andrew puppeteer, who is being assaulted by the puppet-master due to his improper behavior with Grace. Merry Andrew accuses his boss of wanting to harm "one of the prettiest Ladies that was ever seen in the World," a claim that piques Tom's interest. In a private discussion with Merry Andrew, Tom learns that Sophia was spotted riding through the town the previous day. Guided by Merry Andrew's directions, Tom and Partridge begin their journey, but a fierce storm forces them to seek refuge in an inn. They come across the young boy who served as Sophia's guide there. Tom refrains from mentioning Sophia's name publicly, unlike Partridge, who freely shares stories about her.

book 12 chapter 9

Tom successfully convinces a young lad to transport them to London via horseback. He chooses to sit on the side saddle, a place typically reserved for women, because that's where his dear Sophia used to sit. Partridge is pleased that Tom is no longer preoccupied with thoughts of rebellion. In the early hours of the morning, Tom attempts to sway the boy to take them to Coventry when they are unexpectedly joined by Dowling, a lawyer Tom previously had dinner with in Gloucester. Dowling recommends they stop for the night but Tom refuses, willing to continue even on foot if necessary. He does, however, agree to share a bottle of wine with Dowling.

book 12 chapter 10

Dowling toasts Allworthy and Blifil, to which Tom objects, pointing out the stark contrast between the two men. Dowling, who only knows of Allworthy through accounts of his kindness and Blifil through his "pretty behavior on the news of his mother's death," is taken aback. Tom hints at Blifil's hidden "basest and Blackest Designs," without going into specifics. The narrator notes that even Tom is unaware of the full extent of Blifil's dark plans. Tom reveals that he is not related to Allworthy and, despite Dowling's curiosity, doesn't share his personal history. Regardless, Dowling feels compassion for Tom, unusual for his lawyer profession. Tom clarifies that he values benevolent acts over Allworthy's wealth.

book 12 chapter 11

Tom, Partridge, and the young guide end up off track. Partridge's overactive imagination leads him to believe they are under a witch's curse. The situation worsens when the guide and his horse stumble, reinforcing Partridge's superstitions. While Jones takes care of the fallen guide, Partridge continues to complain.

book 12 chapter 12

Tom and Partridge come across a light and melodious tunes, discovering it's a gypsy wedding in a barn, not a witches' den as Partridge initially fears due to his superstitious beliefs. The Gypsy King greets Tom warmly, impressed by his "open Countenance and courteous Behaviour." Partridge, now settled, is lured in by a young gypsy woman claiming to predict his future. When her husband discovers them, a legal dispute emerges. He demands money from Partridge but earns a rebuke from the king for assigning value to his wife's virtue. The gypsy man is punished by wearing horns, and his wife is labeled a "whore." The storyteller voices his approval for monarchy.

book 12 chapter 13

The story's voice expresses regret for the moralizing deviation in the previous portion. Tom Jones and his companion, Partridge, journey from Coventry to St. Albans, trailing Sophia who departed two hours prior. Partridge desires to utilize part of Sophia's windfall of one hundred pounds, suggesting it was sent by Fate for their benefit. Jones labels this as unscrupulous. Incorporating distorted Greek into his dialog, Partridge implies that Tom's comprehension of life will enrich with age. Their words have upset each other, but an apology from Partridge is accepted by Tom, and they reconcile.

book 12 chapter 14

Jones and Partridge, on their journey to London, are approached by a stranger who requests to accompany them. As they discuss the perils of thievery, Partridge casually refers to Jones's hundred-pound stash. Suddenly, near Highgate, the stranger brandishes a pistol and demands Jones's money. However, Jones overpowers him, seizing the gun and subduing the man. The man pleads for mercy and reveals that the pistol wasn't loaded. He confesses it's his first attempt at theft, driven by the desperation of having five kids, a pregnant wife and no means to support them. Jones, moved by his plight, gives him some money. Meanwhile, the terrified Partridge criticizes Jones's leniency, stating that the man deserved to be hanged for his crime. Jones retorts by reminding him of his own past misdeeds, including horse theft.

book 13 chapter 1

The storyteller concocts his personal interpretation of the "Love of Fame." The allure of wealth and recognition persuaded him to pen this book, in hopes that it will secure his legacy. He seeks the aid of brilliance, compassion, knowledge, and worldly wisdom.

book 13 chapter 2

Having never visited London, Jones and Partridge are on a mission to find Sophia, who they believe was brought there by an Irishman. After an unsuccessful attempt to meet her at the Irishman's house who has already left for Ireland, Jones persuades the porter to guide him to Mrs. Fitzpatrick's home. Unfortunately, Sophia departs just ten minutes before Jones arrives. The woman who remains is taken by Jones' politeness and attractiveness. She consents to convey his desire to meet Sophia to Mrs. Fitzpatrick. However, Mrs. Fitzpatrick mistakenly believes that Jones is an associate of Squire Western and informs him that Sophia has gone. Jones, however, is convinced Sophia is still present and is upset because of their previous disappointment at Upton. Jones maintains a steadfast vigil outside the home, hoping for a chance to see Sophia. Eventually, Mrs. Fitzpatrick, mistaking him for Blifil, agrees to meet him. Her maid Abigail, on the other hand, believes Jones is the true visitor as she recalls Sophia's maid, Mrs. Honour, being "more communicative". In the end, Mrs. Fitzpatrick agrees with Abigail.

book 13 chapter 3

Plotting to regain the approval of Mrs. Western and Squire Western, Mrs. Fitzpatrick plans to bring Sophia back to her father. She is loosely related to Lady Bellaston, so she reaches out to her for assistance in discouraging Sophia's pursuit of Tom. Lady Bellaston greets her warmly and inquires if Tom is as attractive as her dresser, Etoff, has led her to believe. Mrs. Fitzpatrick confirms this, leading Lady Bellaston to regard him as "a kind of Miracle in Nature." She expresses a desire to meet Tom.

book 13 chapter 4

Tom, after keeping an eye on Mrs. Fitzpatrick's residence the entire day, encounters her ahead of time. Lady Bellaston unexpectedly joins them, greeting Tom with a curtsey. The ladies engage Tom in conversation, until the entry of Mrs. Fitzpatrick's Irish acquaintance. The ensuing discussion becomes too refined for the narrator to share with common readers. After giving Mrs. Fitzpatrick his contact details, Jones withdraws. Lady Bellaston remarks that Sophia is in "no danger" from a man like him.

book 13 chapter 5

Tom attempts to visit Mrs. Fitzpatrick repeatedly but is constantly told she's unavailable. He and Partridge stay in a Bondstreet residence, where they share the building with a man who lives a life of leisure in coffee shops. One evening, Tom rushes to help during a commotion downstairs, rescuing a young man, Nightingale, from a beating by his servant. A distressed young woman, who turns out to be the landlady's daughter, Nancy, is also present. Nightingale invites Tom for a drink and explains the fight was due to disrespectful remarks about a lady. Upon returning from a play, Nancy's mother and sister meet Tom, who manages to hide his melancholy and charm them. They invite him for breakfast and Tom finds himself liking them—Nancy is attractive, as is her nearing-fifty mother. Tom respects Nightingale's "Generosity and Humanity" despite his superficial lifestyle. Nightingale, however, claims to have no interest in love matters.

book 13 chapter 6

Partridge shares with Jones that Mrs. Fitzpatrick has vanished from her residence, leaving him clueless about her whereabouts. Jones's disappointment is palpable during a breakfast conversation about love. A housemaid presents Tom with a package containing a domino mask and a masquerade ticket, leading Nightingale to suggest he has a secret female admirer. Nancy and her mother, Mrs. Miller, also concur with this theory. However, Tom privately believes the sender must be Mrs. Fitzpatrick, being the sole woman who knows where he lives. Nightingale proposes to join Jones at the masquerade, extending the invitation to Nancy and Mrs. Miller. But Mrs. Miller declines, citing the lavishness of such an occasion for women who need to earn their keep. Nightingale, fond of Tom's companionship, invites him to a tavern dinner. Tom, unwilling to disclose his penniless state, makes an excuse that his dining attire hasn't arrived yet. Despite being starving, Tom resists Partridge's urging to utilize Sophia's bank note, outright rejecting the idea. Partridge then pleads with Tom to take him back to Somersetshire, to which Tom reveals that Allworthy has no wish to see him again.

book 13 chapter 7

Nightingale partners with a woman at the masquerade, suggesting Tom do the same. Tom, unable to locate Sophia, is led away by a masked woman. She advises him to stop pursuing Sophia, to which Tom replies his intentions are noble—he desires Sophia's happiness. This wins the masked woman's admiration. Tom realises he must secure this woman's approval to reach Sophia. Their conversation is interrupted by an elderly woman who trails them, but Nightingale successfully distracts her. The masked woman declines Tom's offer to escort her home, stating she must see a friend and hopes he won't track her—prompting him to do just that. Tom shadows her into a home, and, finding her friend absent, she teases him about the appropriateness of their solitary situation at that hour. Unmasking herself as Lady Bellaston, she pledges to arrange a meeting with Sophia, on the condition that Tom discontinues his pursuit of her.

book 13 chapter 8

Partridge is instructed by Jones to convert a fifty-pound note he got from Lady Bellaston into change. Jones and Nightingale patiently wait for Mrs. Miller to arrive for the meal, but she is two hours late. Mrs. Miller explains she was at her cousin's house, where her cousin was having a baby in a chilly, fireless home. She uses this to caution her daughters about marrying into such destitution. Tom pulls Mrs. Miller aside, emotionally offering her the fifty pounds from Lady Bellaston. Mrs. Miller likens him to Mr. Allworthy, accepting ten guineas from him for her household. At the dinner, Nightingale proposes to give them a guinea, making Nancy go pale. The author notes that some see charity as a choice, while others view it as an obligation.

book 13 chapter 9

Despite several meetings with Lady Bellaston, Jones is unsuccessful in securing an opportunity to see Sophia, as Lady Bellaston avoids the topic. He tasks Partridge with finding out Sophia's location from the household staff. Meanwhile, Jones is anxious about the reaction of Squire Western, Sophia's father, who might cut her off financially if she marries against his wishes. Lady Bellaston's financial aid has placed Jones in a "State of Affluence", a situation that he finds stressful. He receives two letters from Lady Bellaston - the first one informs him that their usual meeting spot is unavailable, and the second instructs him to come to her house at seven in the evening. The houseowner in Hanover Place declines to assist Lady Bellaston and her male companions, forcing a change in their plans. In order to keep Sophia away from her encounter with Tom, Lady Bellaston plans to send Sophia to the theatre.

book 13 chapter 10

Upon preparing to meet Lady Bellaston, Jones is invited by Mrs. Miller for a tea session with her cousin, Mr. Anderson. Both Jones and Mr. Anderson instantly recognize each other, as it is revealed that Mr. Anderson once attempted to rob Jones. Mr. Anderson expresses deep gratitude to Jones for aiding his family, labeling him as an "Angel from Heaven." Mrs. Miller predicts a significant reward in Jones' future due to his kindness. Jones confesses that seeing Mr. Anderson happy serves as the best reward. However, Mr. Anderson refrains from explaining the robbery incident to Mrs. Miller.

book 13 chapter 11

Tom finds himself waiting at Lady Bellaston's residence, due to her delay elsewhere. Sophia, who had left the theater after the first act, comes home, unaware of Tom's presence. Upon noticing her reflection in the mirror, she spots Tom. After mutual expressions of shock, Sophia queries about Tom's purpose there. He reveals that he's there to return her lost pocketbook and apologize for his past indiscretions with Mrs. Waters at Upton. Sophia is more bothered about Tom spreading her name across town, but Tom defends himself by blaming Partridge. Tom stutters a marriage proposal, but Sophia insists she can't disobey her father. Feeling guilty, Tom swears he wouldn't destroy her reputation. Sophia ends up crying in his arms, and he comforts her. When Sophia asks about Tom's presence in the drawing room, Lady Bellaston makes her entrance. Seeing that Tom hasn't disclosed his acquaintance with her to Sophia, Lady Bellaston acts as if she doesn't know him. Sophia acts as if Tom is merely the man who found her pocketbook. Lady Bellaston suspects a clandestine meeting between the two. Tom, keeping up the charade, claims a lady at a masquerade gave him her address. He pleads for permission to visit Sophia again, due to his honest deed of returning the pocketbook. Lady Bellaston agrees. As Tom leaves, he gives his address to Mrs. Honour on the stairs.

book 13 chapter 12

After Jones leaves Lady Bellaston's residence, the lady remarks on his handsome appearance. Sophia dismisses her observation, stating she did not pay much attention to him and deemed him quite uncouth. Lady Bellaston concurs, stating she will reject his future visits. She mocks Tom's attire, leading Sophia to rebuke her for her harshness. In the heat of the moment, Sophia reveals that the man is Tom Jones, but quickly tries to retract her words. Lady Bellaston seems to take pleasure in distressing Sophia, who finds herself unable to sleep due to the guilt borne from her dishonesty.

book 14 chapter 1

While it's true that a few writers have recently gained fame despite lacking formal education, contemporary critics propose that a writer doesn't necessarily need to be learned. Nonetheless, the storyteller insists that like any art form, writing necessitates understanding and deliberate practice. Particularly, a writer must be well-versed in their topic. For example, even if you assembled great minds like Homer, Virgil, and Aristotle, they wouldn't be capable of producing an exceptional book on dance artistry.

book 14 chapter 2

Jones gets two letters from Lady Bellaston. In the first, she inquires if he planned a rendezvous with Sophia in her house's drawing room, cautioning him that her hate can be as intense as her love. The second note implores him to stop by her house immediately. Before he can leave, Lady Bellaston barges in with her dress disheveled, questioning if Jones has deceived her. Jones reassures her, on his knees, of his loyalty. Suddenly, Partridge bursts in, announcing Mrs. Honour's entrance. Jones quickly hides Lady Bellaston behind his bed before Honour enters. Honour innocently chats about Lady Bellaston's encounters with men at a place where she takes care of the landlady's rent. She then hands Jones a letter from Sophia. After Honour departs, Lady Bellaston steps out from behind the bed, seething that she has been "slighted for a Country Girl." She acknowledges that Jones will always prefer Sophia, but accepts her secondary position. They both agree to disguise the real motive behind his visits by pretending that Tom is there to see Sophia.

book 14 chapter 3

Sophia sends Jones a letter, requesting him not to see her, fearing Lady Bellaston’s suspicion. To avoid upsetting Lady Bellaston, Jones feigns sickness and pens letters explaining his situation to both women. Lady Bellaston responds, indicating her visit to Jones' room at nine in the evening. Concerned about her daughters' virtue and disapproving of Jones entertaining ladies in his room late at night, Mrs. Miller politely asks him to move out. Jones expresses slight irritation, promising not to taint her house's reputation but insists on his freedom to meet anyone. Jones is later infuriated upon learning from Mrs. Miller that Partridge revealed the highway robbery incident and his connection to Allworthy. Partridge attributes this disclosure to Mrs. Honour.

book 14 chapter 4

Nightingale confides in Tom about his plans to quietly depart from Mrs. Miller's residence. Tom hints that he's aware of Nightingale's secretive behavior and ties it to Nancy. He chides Nightingale for captivating Nancy with his charming manners. Nightingale admits his deep affection for Nancy, revealing that his father has already arranged his marriage to a stranger. He pleads with Tom to keep his secret. The narrator commends Nightingale's integrity, although he points out that this doesn't apply to his romantic endeavors.

book 14 chapter 5

Mrs. Miller calls Tom for tea, aiming for a positive parting. She narrates her life story, crediting Allworthy for her family's survival. She talks about her destitute past after her father died, leaving her and her sisters penniless. She was the only sister who made it through. She went on to marry a priest who passed away five years into their marriage. Allworthy's benevolence during this tough time is shown through a letter he sent to her, where he not only gave her twenty guineas but also a furnished house and a fifty-pound annuity. Tom shares his past with Mrs. Miller, but leaves out the details about Sophia. He spends the night in his room waiting for Lady Bellaston from nine to midnight, but she never shows up.

book 14 chapter 6

Jones is roused by a commotion and learns from Partridge that Nancy, Mrs. Miller, and Betty are distressed in the kitchen. A joke is made about a new addition to the "Foundling-Hospital." Mrs. Miller reveals to Jones the disgraceful act committed by Nightingale - he has impregnated her daughter. She presents the letter left by Nightingale for Nancy, promising support for her and the baby. However, Nancy's fainting spell in public following the letter's receipt may have destroyed her reputation. Mrs. Miller shares that Nancy has considered suicide twice. She admits to having seen Nightingale's interest in Nancy, genuinely believing he had honorable intentions of marrying her. Tom decides to track down Nightingale.

book 14 chapter 7

Jones encounters a desolate Nightingale next to his fireplace, consumed by worry for Nancy. Nightingale regrets that Nancy shared the letter, which affected her reputation and their relationship. Jones advises him to wed Nancy, leading Nightingale to confess his earlier marriage promise to her. He's troubled by the perception of marrying a "whore." Jones counters, stating that renouncing a woman he led astray won't restore Nightingale's "Honour." Now Nightingale feels compelled to fulfill his obligation to his father and meet his prearranged bride the next day. Jones offers to meet with Nightingale's father and instructs Nightingale to see Nancy. Nightingale proposes that Jones can simplify things by claiming he is already married.

book 14 chapter 8

Upon reaching Mr. Nightingale's house, Jones finds him engaged in a meeting with the father of Nightingale's future wife. Mistakenly, he believes Jones came to collect a debt from his son. Jones begins to compliment Nancy, without stating her name, which leads Mr. Nightingale to assume he is speaking of the woman he wants his son to marry. Intrigued by his description of her charm, beauty and good nature, he begins to see her in a new light. Jones, subtly insinuates that dismissing her due to her lack of fortune would be foolish. Mr. Nightingale then asks if Jones is referring to Miss Harris, which Jones corrects, revealing he has been speaking about Miss Nancy Miller. Nightingale's uncle then enters, arguing that a parent should only have the right to refuse a partner, not to impose one. It is revealed that Nightingale was predominantly raised by this uncle, not his father.

book 14 chapter 9

Jones comes back to Mrs. Miller's place and finds the house filled with merry-making. Nightingale and Nancy are scheduled to tie the knot the next day, and Mrs. Miller regards Tom as her guardian angel. Nightingale’s uncle shows up and privately commends his nephew on his supposed wedlock. On learning that Nightingale is still to be wed, the uncle is overjoyed. He suggests Nightingale to abandon Nancy, arguing that he isn't officially bound to her until the wedding. Nightingale, however, objecting to his uncle's suggestion, reasons that honor requires him to keep his promises and follow through on his actions. He is in love with Nancy. He reminds his uncle of the promise he made to let his daughter, Harriet, choose her own husband. The uncle then invites Nightingale to his residence for a more thorough discussion on the subject.

book 14 chapter 10

Nancy, Mrs. Miller, and Tom are puzzled by the extended private meeting between Nightingale and his uncle downstairs. Upon their return, all pretend that the situation is normal. Unexpectedly, Mrs. Honour brings in distressing information about Sophia, leading Tom to only focus on his "unfortunate Angel."

book 15 chapter 1

The storyteller contests the view of "Moral Writers", who propose that righteousness results in joy and wrongdoings in sorrow.

book 15 chapter 2

Sophia is often visited by Lord Fellamar, a noble who once escorted her home from a theatre. He is deeply smitten with her. During one visit, he spent two hours with Sophia before realising he had overstayed. Lady Bellaston is quite happy with Fellamar's prolonged visit as she is scheming to push Sophia away from Tom towards Fellamar. Lady Bellaston uses Sophia's large fortune as bait to lure Fellamar, despite grumbling about Sophia's infatuation with a man she describes as "one of the lowest Fellows in the World a Beggar, a Bastard, a Foundling." Lady Bellaston invites Fellamar over for dinner the next day, intending to show him that Sophia is indeed taken with such a man.

book 15 chapter 3

Part of the elite "Little World" group, Lady Bellaston orchestrates a strategy for the evening meal with Fellamar, enlisting Edwards' help. His role is to spread rumors that Tom Jones murdered a certain Colonel Wilcox in a duel. The news of this leads to Sophia fainting, giving credence to Lady Bellaston's claims of Sophia's feelings for Tom. Lady Bellaston then arranges for Fellamar and Sophia to cross paths at seven the next evening. In secret, she has been persuading Fellamar to violate Sophia, forcing her into a marriage with him. Despite being troubled by the thought, Fellamar decides his "Honour" will rein in his "Appetite." The next day, Sophia pleads with Lady Bellaston to keep Fellamar away. However, she is rebuffed by her aunt who mocks her, suggesting that country girls misconstrue every polite gesture from men as romantic advances.

book 15 chapter 4

Lady Bellaston manipulates instances of assault in literature to persuade Fellamar to violate Sophia. She justifies this by stating that it's for Sophia's benefit, as Fellamar would make a suitable spouse for her. Persuaded by Lady Bellaston's scheme, Fellamar commends Sophia's attractiveness and wealth.

book 15 chapter 5

As Lord Fellamar kneels before Sophia, promising her the world, she harshly turns him down. Despite her refusal, he clings to her, and her screams fall on deaf ears, thanks to Lady Bellaston's intervention. Just when things seem dire, Sophia hears her father's voice approaching. She calls to him, prompting Fellamar to let her go. Squire Western storms in, inebriated and spewing insults, demanding Sophia marry Blifil. Fellamar misreads the situation, assuming Western is referring to him. He gratefully acknowledges the supposed honor, only to be cursed by Western, forcing him to swiftly exit. Lady Bellaston scolds Western for his discourtesy towards a man of Fellamar's stature. However, Western insists on a countryside suitor for Sophia, deeming city dandies unsuitable. In a fit of rage, he forcefully takes Sophia to his carriage, vowing to confine her.

book 15 chapter 6

Sophia's location was revealed to Squire Western and Mrs. Western by Mrs. Fitzpatrick. The narrator shares her excessively flattering, submissive letter which was directed to Mrs. Western.

book 15 chapter 7

At the dwelling of Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Honour grieves over her separation from Sophia. Misinterpreting her sorrow, Jones assumes Sophia has passed away, causing him to desperately seek clarity from Honour. Upon learning that Sophia has been confined by Western, and Honour dismissed from her service, Jones breathes a sigh of relief as Sophia is still alive. Honour, however, reproaches Jones for lack of empathy, as she always supported him against Blifil. She also fears for Sophia's safety under Western's control, wishing that Sophia had her boldness to defy parental control. In the midst of their conversation, Partridge rushes in to inform Jones of Lady Bellaston's arrival. This causes Jones to hide Honour behind the bed. Lady Bellaston takes it upon herself to reprimand Jones for neglecting her, followed by a bout of flirtation. She is taken aback when Jones stands frozen, unsure of his next move. Just then, an inebriated Nightingale bursts into the room, confusing it for his own, but is quickly ushered out by Partridge. While Jones was distracted, Lady Bellaston attempts to hide behind the same bed, only to come face to face with Honour, leading to mutual shock. Lady Bellaston hints at bribing Honour, which seems to pacify her. As Lady Bellaston departs, ignoring Jones' attempts at a goodbye, Honour expresses disappointment at Jones' unfaithfulness to Sophia. However, Jones manages to soothe her feelings, ultimately reconciling with her.

book 15 chapter 8

Mrs. Miller lightly admonishes Tom for the disorder in his chambers from the previous evening. Tom takes on the role of Nancy's father as she weds Nightingale that day. Prior to the wedding, Nightingale's uncle attempts to get him drunk and persuade him against marrying Nancy. However, in the midst of this, word reaches them that Harriet, the uncle's daughter, eloped with a local priest. This completely undermines his argument with Nightingale.

book 15 chapter 9

Tom gets three urgent letters from Lady Bellaston. Nightingale walks in on him reading and shares that he's aware of Tom's relationship with Lady Bellaston. Looking for more information about her affairs, Tom's request is denied by the narrator to avoid scandalous rumours. Nightingale's narrative lessens Tom's appreciation for Lady Bellaston, and he grasps that his relationship with her was more of a "commerce" than "love." Nightingale suggests that a marriage proposal would be a quick way to end things with Lady Bellaston. They draft a proposal letter, and Lady Bellaston responds with offense, believing that Tom is after her wealth. In response, Tom feels insulted by her doubts and decides to give back her presents. At that night's wedding dinner, Mrs. Miller gives Tom more attention compared to Nightingale and Nancy.

book 15 chapter 10

Mrs. Miller gets a note from Allworthy stating that he and Blifil will soon be in London and need her first and second floors. This is due to an agreement made when Allworthy began providing Mrs. Miller with a fifty-pound annual income; he would have access to her first floor whenever he visited the city. This leaves Mrs. Miller troubled as Jones and Nightingale have to move out. However, Jones isn't bothered by the situation. Additionally, Honour sends Jones a letter confirming her belief that he will ultimately win Sophia's heart, despite her inability to assist him anymore, as she is now employed by Lady Bellaston.

book 15 chapter 11

Tom receives a wedding proposal from Mrs. Arabella Hunt, an acquaintance of Mrs. Miller. Mrs. Hunt, an appealing woman of twenty-six with a slightly full figure, was previously married to a prosperous turkey merchant, now deceased. Initially, Tom is thrilled by the possibility of acquiring significant wealth; however, his emotions for Sophia lead him to compose a polite rejection.

book 15 chapter 12

Partridge prances into the space occupied by Jones, carrying promising news. He has discovered that Black George now works in Squire Western's London residence, providing Tom a way to communicate with Sophia via letters. To Tom's annoyance, Partridge fails to recollect the address of Western's abode.

book 16 chapter 1

The storyteller asserts that crafting preamble chapters presents a challenging task. They hold no specific sequence - each can serve as a fitting prologue for any chapter. Their sole aim is to pique the interest of the critic.

book 16 chapter 2

A disagreement arises between Western and his daughter Sophia, who's still confined in her room, over Blifil. The arrival of a messenger from Lord Fellamar stirs up more tension. The lord has plans to visit Sophia that afternoon, but Western dismisses him, stating that Sophia is already "disposed of". When questioned about the kind of man he's turning away, Western reveals his dislike for all lords and displays his anger by prancing about the room. Sophia mirrors her father's resentment, indicating her disapproval by stomping her foot and leaving her room in a hurry. After the messenger leaves, Western visits Sophia in her room. They share a tearful moment and express their affection for each other. However, Sophia's vow to remain unmarried and dedicate herself to her father rekindles his fury.

book 16 chapter 3

The storyteller shares that Western deeply loves his daughter and finds utmost joy in making her happy. Sophia, who has been avoiding meals, is finally tempted to eat when Black George brings up a pullet with eggs, her preferred dish. To her surprise, she finds a letter from Tom hidden in the pullet. The main message of the letter is Tom's deep desire for Sophia's happiness. Meanwhile, she overhears a loud dispute between her father and Aunt Western, who has recently come to London.

book 16 chapter 4

Mrs. Western inquires about her niece, Sophia, who Squire Western has confined in her room. She reminds him of his earlier commitment to avoid punishing his daughter so harshly. She emphasizes on the importance of female independence, drawing a comparison to Thalestris, the Amazonian woman warrior. Squire Western eventually gives in, handing over the key to Mrs. Western who goes to free Sophia. As soon as she leaves, Squire Western condemns Mrs. Western and calls Parson Supple for a drink. He permits Mrs. Western to bring Sophia to her residence. She pleads with him to avoid any meeting with Mrs. Fitzpatrick if she comes looking for him.

book 16 chapter 5

Black George hands over a missive from Sophia to Tom. Sophia conveys that she is staying with Aunt Western and has agreed not to pen any more letters to Tom. Nonetheless, she reassures Tom she won't wed another man. Tom reacts with mixed feelings of joy and sorrow. Tom spends a good part of the day engrossed in the letter, after which he joins Mrs. Miller, Betsey, and Partridge at the theater for a rendition of Hamlet. Partridge gets so engrossed in the show that he starts fearing Hamlet's father's ghost, thinking it's a real specter. His audible interactions with the play, including addressing Hamlet directly, entertain the audience. Mrs. Fitzpatrick seeks out Jones after the show, asking him over for a meeting the next day.

book 16 chapter 6

The storyteller views every individual in the tale as a youngster, possessing a particular "extraordinary Tenderness" for Sophia. Not long after Mr. Western headed for London, he urged Blifil through a letter to arrive in the city for his wedding to Sophia. Blifil's reason to wed Sophia has transformed into sheer spite. Sophia's aversion for Blifil has been suspected by Allworthy since her escape. Both Blifil and Thwackum tried to persuade Allworthy to continue his pursuit of Sophia. Allworthy's softness won over his caution and he agreed to join Blifil to London. They reach London while Jones is engrossed in Hamlet. Western is adamant about bringing Blifil to Mrs. Western's home immediately.

book 16 chapter 7

During a discussion about the wisdom of marrying sensibly, Mr. Western and Blifil interrupt Mrs. Western's talk with Sophia. She reprimands Mr. Western for his abrupt entrance and sends a distressed Sophia to her room. A nervous Blifil is told he can leave a message for Sophia. He departs, not quite satisfied with the encounter, unlike Mr. Western. Blifil is suspicious that there's an underlying issue, though Mr. Western attributes the mishap to Mrs. Western's temperament.

book 16 chapter 8

Fellamar continues to harbor deep feelings for Sophia, spurred on by Lady Bellaston, who has hired Captain Egglane to forcefully send Tom to sea. Upon her arrival in London, Mrs. Western sends a cordial note to Lady Bellaston, who, thrilled to have a female accomplice, shares with Mrs. Western the news about Lord Fellamar. Mrs. Western, describing Blifil as a "hideous kind of Fellow" and akin to "all country Gentlemen," receives Tom's marriage proposal from Lady Bellaston. Lady Bellaston believes this letter might convince Sophia. Western and Blifil's arrival right after this conversation explains Mrs. Western's cold indifference towards Blifil.

book 16 chapter 9

Jones encounters Mrs. Fitzpatrick, who advises him to win over Sophia by charming Mrs. Western. She tells him this strategy worked for Mr. Fitzpatrick when he wooed her. However, Jones refuses, annoying Mrs. Fitzpatrick. Trying to calm her, Jones inadvertently attracts her attention. Driven by self-admiration, she views herself as a supreme lady. As Jones departs, she flirts with him and asks him to come over the next day. But Jones is only fixated on Sophia and decides not to visit Mrs. Fitzpatrick.

book 16 chapter 10

Upon Jones stepping out from Mrs. Fitzpatrick's residence in London, he is met abruptly by her husband, Mr. Fitzpatrick, who had traced her to the city. Recognizing him from Upton's inn, Jones kindly acknowledges him only to be punched and faced with a drawn sword. Despite having no sword-fighting skills, Jones instinctively fights back, stabbing Fitzpatrick. While he seeks help for the injured man, he is seized by Lord Fellamar's crew. The aftermath of this event sees Jones behind bars following court proceedings. Inside the jail, he's updated by Partridge about Fitzpatrick's demise. In the meantime, Sophia sends a note cutting all ties with Jones after discovering his proposal letter to Lady Bellaston.

book 17 chapter 1

In comedy, the writer often concludes the story when his characters achieve happiness. Conversely, in tragedy, the story ends when they reach their lowest point. If Tom Jones were a tragedy, it could end with Sophia marrying Blifil or Fellamar, while Jones could meet his end at Tyburn. Unlike ancient authors who often invoked divine intervention to rescue their characters, the narrator must depend on natural means. Jones is yet to confront more dire situations.

book 17 chapter 2

Blifil confronts Allworthy and Mrs. Miller during their meal, accusing Tom of being a rogue. Mrs. Miller defends Tom passionately, catching Allworthy off-guard. He admonishes her for her rudeness towards Blifil. Despite admitting Tom's flaws, Mrs. Miller insists they are just the "Faults of Wildness and of Youth." She pledges to share tales of Tom's kindness and magnanimity with Allworthy. Blifil further accuses Tom of murder, but Mrs. Miller insists Tom must have been driven to it. A guest appears to see Allworthy.

book 17 chapter 3

Squire Western shows up in Mrs. Miller's kitchen, sharing Mrs. Western's scheme of Sophia marrying Lord Fellamar. Allworthy, having to interpret Western's speak, advises against forcing Sophia into matrimony. Western insists on his parental rights, while Blifil pleads for permission to continue his pursuit of Sophia. Allworthy doubts Blifil's intentions, thinking they're lust-driven, and urges him to introspect. Upon hearing Blifil hint at Tom's "murder", Western gleefully sings and dances. The narrator vows to soon continue with Sophia's narrative, as he "can no longer bear to be absent" from it.

book 17 chapter 4

Sophia is now being chased by both Lord Fellamar and Blifil, a situation the narrator likens to a doe being hunted. When Sophia refuses to meet with Fellamar, her aunt, Mrs. Western, warns her that she could be sent back to her father. Sophia reveals to her aunt that Fellamar tried to assault her, showing a mark left on her left breast as evidence. Mrs. Western is shocked, as no Western woman has ever been treated this way. Sophia points out that her aunt rejected many suitors and questions why she can't do the same. This prompts Mrs. Western to talk about her past romantic victories and "cruelty" for a while. Eventually, she concedes that it would be best for Sophia to stay away from Fellamar for a bit.

book 17 chapter 5

When Mrs. Miller, Nightingale, and Partridge visit Jones in his cell, they bring the good news that Fitzpatrick is not dead. This news reassures Jones but his mind is soon clouded with worry about his predicament with Sophia. Having been informed about Sophia by Partridge, Mrs. Miller offers to talk to her for Jones. Consequently, Jones gives her a letter to pass onto Sophia, given her previous strong support for him to Mr. Allworthy. Nightingale also offers to look into Fitzpatrick's condition and find out who else was present at the duel.

book 17 chapter 6

Since Sophia permitted her aunt, Mrs. Western, to boast about Sophia's past suitors, their relationship has greatly improved. This newfound freedom allows Sophia to invite Mrs. Miller over. However, when Mrs. Miller brings a letter from Tom, Sophia hesitates to read it. Mrs. Miller passionately shares stories of Tom's kindness towards Mr. Anderson and her daughter Nancy, surprising Sophia with her fervor. Without any other options, Sophia reluctantly accepts and reads the letter once Mrs. Miller departs. The letter reveals Tom's explanation for his marriage proposal to Lady Bellaston—he didn't intend to marry her. Though, he fails to provide satisfactory details to alleviate her anger. That night, Sophia has to accompany her aunt and Lady Bellaston to a party, where she finds it challenging to maintain a happy facade.

book 17 chapter 7

Mrs. Miller shares numerous reasons to appreciate Tom with Allworthy. Allworthy admits that even the vilest individuals have some redeeming qualities, but he forbids her from ever bringing up Tom's name to him again. He takes offense when Mrs. Miller unfavorably compares Blifil to Tom. Regardless, Mrs. Miller continues to laud Tom's attractiveness, kindness, and magnanimity. Allworthy is touched by her words, yet he shifts the discussion to Nancy. He makes a trip to Nightingale's father, attempting to mend their familial ties. Blifil and the attorney Dowling turn up. Blifil, who's found a companion in Dowling, appoints him as his steward.

book 17 chapter 8

Mrs. Western is still in high spirits and remains committed to her scheme for Sophia to wed Fellamar. Lady Bellaston's belief that most marriages are prearranged only bolsters her resolve. Fellamar visits Sophia and lavishes her with praise and declarations of love. Sophia questions how he can speak of love when he previously treated her harshly. His excuse is that his love for her drove him to insanity. Sophia tells him that if he truly cares about her well-being, he should leave her alone. He inquires if there's another man in her life, but she counters that it's not her duty to inform him. Mrs. Western, now quite flustered, interrupts and scolds Sophia for her "silly Country Notions of Bashfulness." The cause of Mrs. Western's rage is two-fold. Her new maid, advised by Mrs. Honour to keep a vigilant watch over Sophia, has reported all of Sophia's discussions with Mrs. Miller to Mrs. Western. When Sophia refuses to surrender the letter from Tom brought by Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Western threatens to send Sophia away from her home and back to Squire Western's residence.

book 17 chapter 9

Partridge and Nightingale make a return after Jones has been in prison, alone, for a day. Nightingale brings disappointing news after tracking down two witnesses of the duel's beginning, both of whom assert Tom instigated the battle. News of Mrs. Western's snub is brought by Mrs. Miller. After his friends part ways, Jones gets an unforeseen visit from Mrs. Waters. The author fills in the reader on the events following Tom's parting from Mrs. Waters at the Upton inn: she was wooed by Fitzpatrick during their coach journey to Bath, where they wed, although Fitzpatrick was already married. Mrs. Waters, after realizing the man who hurt her spouse was Tom, decided to visit him in jail. She informs Tom that Fitzpatrick is not at risk of death, and he confessed to starting the duel. This news significantly lifts Jones's morale, but he remains troubled about Sophia's seeming abandonment.

book 18 chapter 1

The storyteller bids goodbye to the reader. He likens the act of reading to a trip where both he and the reader are fellow travelers in a coach. His wish is that he has provided good company throughout the journey.

book 18 chapter 2

Partridge arrives at the jail where Tom is being held to deliver the shocking revelation that Mrs. Waters is his mother. Tom gets a letter from Mrs. Waters corroborating this, and she mentions her distress about it. She also adds that Fitzpatrick's health is improving. Black George comes to see Tom next, and they warmly greet each other. He tells Tom that a fierce disagreement has happened between Squire Western and Mrs. Western, causing Mrs. Western to swear off her brother forever. Yet, it appears that Squire Western and Sophia have managed to patch things up. The narrator takes a step back to explain how this reconciliation came to pass. Sophia sided with her father in a dispute over Lord Fellamar, much to Squire Western's delight, and this act of alliance restored her in her father's good graces.

book 18 chapter 3

Allworthy convinces Nightingale's dad to meet his son after a lengthy discussion. He spots Black George at Nightingale's home but doesn't acknowledge him. Later, he inquires about George’s purpose of visit to Nightingale's father, who reveals five hundred-pound banknotes given by George for investment. Allworthy identifies these notes as the ones he'd given to Tom. Allworthy uplifts the disheartened Mrs. Miller, assuring her of an impending reconciliation between Nightingale and his father. He calls for Dowling from Blifil's room to discuss the matter of the banknotes. Their talk is interrupted by Mrs. Miller who introduces Nightingale, bearing the news of Fitzpatrick's recovery and confession about inciting the duel. She encourages Nightingale to remind Allworthy of Tom's high regard for him. Emotionally moved, Allworthy recalls the day he found baby Tom in his bed. The narrator implies a letter from Square could be partially responsible for Allworthy's emotional reaction.

book 18 chapter 4

Allworthy receives a letter from Square, who is on his deathbed. The letter reveals Square's remorse over his past actions, particularly towards Tom. He admits that Tom was wrongly accused and was the only one who genuinely cared during Allworthy's sickness. His joy was driven by Allworthy's recovery, not by ill intentions. Square also vaguely refers to the sinister motives of "another Person." Simultaneously, Allworthy gets a letter from Mr. Thwackum. In an aloof and haughty tone, Thwackum proposes himself for the Vicar of Aldergrove role should the current vicar pass away.

book 18 chapter 5

Mrs. Miller uncovers to Allworthy that Nightingale found that Tom's accusers were hired by a Lord who desired Tom to be dispatched on a ship. Nightingale had also spotted Mr. Dowling with these men at the pub. Allworthy, taken aback, summons Dowling, but the latter has already departed. Allworthy inquires from Blifil if Dowling had met the witnesses of Tom's duel. When Blifil stays silent for a while, Mrs. Miller accuses him of being "Guilty!" Allworthy questions Blifil about his delayed response, and Blifil admits that he tasked Dowling with pacifying the witnesses. Allworthy's fondness for Blifil intensifies and he suggests that they should visit imprisoned Tom. Partridge shows up and discloses to Mrs. Miller in secrecy that Mrs. Waters is actually Tom's mother. Allworthy, noticing that the man with Mrs. Miller is Tom's attendant, sends for him. Upon seeing him, Allworthy instantly identifies him as Partridge. He expresses his surprise and asks if Partridge is really Tom's attendant, then proceeds to interrogate Partridge about Jones.

book 18 chapter 6

Allworthy questions Partridge about his services to his supposed son. Partridge responds he's not Tom's actual father and elaborates on his life post his conviction. He first worked for a Salisbury lawyer, then moved to Lymington for a three-year legal position before starting a school. A pig-related trespassing incident led Partridge to court. Prodded by Allworthy to get to the point, Partridge recounts his seven-year imprisonment in Winchester jail, his teaching stint in Cork, Ireland, and his relocation to Bristol where he encountered Tom. Partridge then drops a bombshell - Mrs. Waters, Tom's lover, is actually his mother. Allworthy is appalled by the revelation when Mrs. Waters enters, requesting a private conversation with Allworthy.

book 18 chapter 7

Mrs. Waters discloses to Allworthy the circumstances surrounding Tom's origins. She explains that his father, Mr. Summer, was a clergyman's son, raised and educated by Allworthy. Contrary to previous belief, Mrs. Waters is not Tom's mother, but was responsible for placing him in Allworthy's bed as an infant. In reality, Bridget Allworthy, Allworthy's sister, was Tom's biological mother. When Allworthy departed for London, Bridget sought out Jenny's mother to share her secret with. They devised a plan to divert the maid, Deborah Wilkins, to Dorsetshire so they could carry out their scheme. Allworthy expresses disbelief at his sister's concealment of the truth. Jenny, however, defends Bridget by stating she had intended to reveal the truth to Allworthy at some point. Circling back to current events, Mrs. Waters discloses that Dowling had offered her money on behalf of a "very worthy Gentleman" if she agreed to pursue her prosecution of Tom. Allworthy surmises that the mysterious gentleman is likely Blifil.

book 18 chapter 8

Squire Western turns up after finding Sophia's letters to Tom. Allworthy proposes to have a conversation with Sophia, but first, he wants to talk to Dowling. Following Western's departure, Jenny reveals to Allworthy her 12-year relationship with a man who never kept his promise of marriage. She escaped to Captain Waters for safety, pretending to be his wife for a long time. She got acquainted with Tom when Captain Waters ventured off to fight the Jacobite rebels. Mrs. Waters expresses gratitude to Tom for his help, but their conversation is cut off by Dowling. Allworthy, pointing to Jenny, asks Dowling if he recognizes this woman. Dowling affirms that he does. Allworthy then conducts an inquiry, discovering that Blifil was indeed behind attempts to incriminate Tom further. Allworthy questions Dowling on his involvement in Blifil's scheme. Dowling admits that he knew about Tom being Allworthy's nephew. He shares that Bridget Allworthy, on her deathbed, asked him to tell Allworthy that Tom was her son and also wrote a letter to Blifil explaining the situation. Blifil, who was trusted with the letter and the story, had promised to relay the information to Allworthy. Having heard the shocking news, Mrs. Miller rejoices in Tom's innocence being established. Before departing, Mrs. Waters informs everyone that Tom's release from prison is imminent. Allworthy, then, calls for Blifil and demands the letter Bridget intended for him. Blifil finds himself in a situation that is "to be envied only be a Man who is just going to be hanged."

book 18 chapter 9

Allworthy shares Tom's heartfelt letter with Sophia, which moves him to tears. Afterwards, he commends Sophia for her prudence in turning down a marriage proposal from Blifil. Allworthy reveals he has another marital prospect in mind for her - his other nephew. Sophia is taken aback as she's never encountered this relative. Allworthy clarifies that he's referring to Tom. Sophia acknowledges Tom's worth but is unable to see him as a potential spouse. Suddenly, Squire Western interrupts, scolding Sophia. In his rural vernacular, he relates a message from Lady Bellaston that Tom has escaped from jail and is now at large, urging Sophia to steer clear. Allworthy uses this moment to update Western on recent developments. Squire Western then pleads with Allworthy to arrange a meeting between Tom and Sophia that very afternoon.

book 18 chapter 10

Allworthy seeks forgiveness from Tom for his prior actions. However, Tom reassures him, expressing that his current happiness compensates for any past hardships. Tom acknowledges his past mistakes, but Allworthy only commends him for his honesty. Allworthy also mentions meeting Sophia, encouraging Tom to respect her wishes. Mrs. Miller then speaks with Tom, reassuring him that she has clarified to Sophia that his engagement letter to Lady Bellaston was not serious. Sophia, however, does still label Tom a "Libertine," but Mrs. Miller defends him, stating that he had rejected Mrs. Hunt. An eager Mr. Western joins, clearly excited for the upcoming afternoon of romance.

book 18 chapter 11

Jones explains to Allworthy and Mrs. Miller his escape from jail, thanks to Mrs. Waters’s convincing Fitzpatrick that he had no scandalous relations with his wife. Fitzpatrick confessed to starting the duel and even praised Jones to Lord Fellamar, who decided to help Jones after he had previously insulted him by showing interest in Sophia. Allworthy plans to discipline Blifil, but Jones pleads for mercy. Both Mrs. Miller and Allworthy want Blifil out of their home immediately, and Jones volunteers to deliver the news. Discovering Blifil weeping in his room, out of fear rather than regret, Jones reassures him and promises to support him. Upon receiving the news, Blifil expresses his gratitude and leaves. Allworthy discloses Black George's deceit to Jones. Although Jones recounts Black George's kindness towards him during his jail time, Allworthy remains firm on punishing him for his dishonest actions. Meanwhile, Jones and Partridge reunite.

book 18 chapter 12

Upon meeting at Western's home, Tom and Sophia, both resplendent in their attire, initially remain mute. Sophia advises Tom to evaluate his own conduct, expressing doubt over his ability to forgo his licentious habits. In his defense, Tom posits that due to women's finesse, they can't comprehend the debauchery men could stoop to. However, he insists physical liaisons don't affect emotional love. Sophia, though accepting his justification, insists on wedding him after a year. A kiss seals their understanding, only to be interrupted by Mr. Western, who jests about their love and commands Sophia to marry Tom right away. Begrudgingly, Sophia acquiesces, citing obedience to her father's decree. A delighted Western anticipates a new grandson in nine months. In the concluding chapter, the wedding ceremony exudes joy, transforming the saddened into jubilant. Our narrator foresees the characters' destinies. Despite Allworthy's reluctance to interact with Blifil, Tom persuades him to allot Blifil an annual sum of 200 pounds. Hoping to wed a wealthy Methodist widow in his vicinity, Blifil embraces Methodism. Mrs. Fitzpatrick breaks away from Fitzpatrick, while Mrs. Waters marries Parson Supple and receives a sixty-pound annuity from Allworthy. Assisted by Tom, Partridge inaugurates a school and is betrothed to Molly Seagrim. Residing in Western's estate, Sophia and Tom now have a son and daughter. Western, now living in a smaller property, visits them frequently. Having reformed his naughty habits, Tom and Sophia's love endures, and they continue to esteem one another. Their kindness and respect extend not only to each other but also to those around them.

Enjoying this summary?
Buy the book! (it's better)

People who recommended Tom Jones

Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway recommended this book in the "Ernest Hemingway on Writing" book.